Formaldeído em escolas: uma revisão

Alves, Célia; Aciole, Sullamy Dayse Gomes

doi:10.1590/s0100-40422012001000024

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…These environments combined with an increase in humidity and temperature (physical parameters) can lead to the appearance of a large number of fungi and bacteria (biological parameters) (Fraga et al, 2008). These parameters have become a study base regarding the IAQ since these can be found, for example in cleaning products, materials and/or damaged equipment and polluted, due to human presence, their activities and poor conditions of ventilation and air renewal (Schirmer et al, 2011); (Alves, 2012). Due to the multiple pollutants that can be found in a building, the WHO has classified "Sick Building Syndrome" (SBS) as a danger to public health.…”

Section: -Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor air quality in gyms - a case study in the county of Coimbra

Monteiro

Ferreira

Moreira

2017

mill

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. Indoor air quality in gyms -a case study in the county of Coimbra. Millenium, 2(2),[111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120] m 1 112 RESUMO Introdução: o aparecimento da qualidade do ar interior (IAQ) como ciência aparece nos anos 70 devido à crise energética com a consequente construção de prédios particulares. Esta visão só ganhou alívio mundial devido à descoberta de que uma diminuição nas taxas de troca de ar neste tipo de edifícios foi a principal causa de aumento da concentração de poluentes no ar interior. Métodos: O presente estudo caracteriza-se por ser de coorte de nível II, observacional e transversal. A amostra foi constituída por 3 ginásios de Coimbra e por 7 trabalhadores /. Para atingir esse objetivo, houve uma avaliação analítica dos parâmetros físicos e químicos e preenchimento de questionários pelos trabalhadores. Resultados: Em relação aos resultados obtidos dos parâmetros avaliados, é possível concluir que os PM 10 (Diâmetro de Partículas de 10 mg / m3), os VOCs (Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis) e a Umidade Relativa apresentaram valores de risco relativos à saúde dos trabalhadores. Conclusões: Os dados coletados, mostram a relevância dos estudos sobre a qualidade do ar para garantir no futuro ações preventivas de uma melhor qualidade de vida para todos. Palavras-chave:Qualidade do Ar Interior; Parâmetros ambientais físico-químicos; Saúde pública. ABSTRACT Introduction:The appearance of the Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) as a Science appear in the 70's due to the energy crisis with consequent construction of private buildings. This vision only gained worldwide relief because of the discovery that a decrease in rates of air exchange in this type of buildings was the main cause for air increased pollutant concentration in the indoor air. Objetives: To evaluate the IAQ regarding the applicable legislation in gyms. Methods: The present study is characterized by being of level II, observational and cross-sectional cohort. The sample consisted of 3 gyms Coimbra and by 7 workers/. In order to achieve this objective, there was an analytical assessment of both physical and chemical parameters and filling questionnaires by the workers. Results: Regarding the obtained results of the evaluated parameters, it is possible to conclude that the PM 10 (Particulate Matter diameter of 10 mg/m

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Section: -Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor air quality in gyms - a case study in the county of Coimbra

Monteiro

Ferreira

Moreira

2017

mill

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“…Formaldehyde could originate from composite wood and other products with urea-formaldehyde resin, some architectural finishes, tobacco smoke and other combustion processes. Also, pressed wood products use adhesive containing urea formaldehyde that can break down, releasing formaldehyde into the air (Alves and Aciole, 2012). In spring and summer, outdoor formaldehyde levels increase due to acceleration of photochemical activity (Lee et al, 2001), while the opposite trend is observed indoors, since the interchange rate between indoor and outdoor air is higher due to open windows (Pilidis et al, 2009).…”

Section: Air Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Air Quality in Two University Sports Facilities

Alves

Calvo

Castro

et al. 2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In July 2012, an indoor/outdoor monitoring programme was undertaken in two university sports facilities: a fronton and a gymnasium. Comfort parameters (temperature, relative humidity, and CO 2 ), CO and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) were continuously monitored. Concentrations of NO 2 , carbonyl compounds and individual VOCs were obtained, after passive sampling, by spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection, respectively. Low volume samplers were used to collect particulate matter (PM 10 ). During the occupancy periods, the relative humidity values were within the comfort limits in both buildings, but frequent daytime temperatures over 30°C in the gymnasium make this indoor space rather uncomfortable. The minimum ventilation rates stipulated for acceptable indoor air quality were observed in both sports facilities. It was found that cleaning activities may have a large influence on the VOC levels. Acrolein was one of the most abundant carbonyl compounds, showing concentrations above the recommended limit. Formaldehyde was detected at levels lower than those commonly reported for other indoor environments. In the fronton, the PM 10 concentrations obtained during the occupancy periods ranged between 38 and 43 µg/m 3 . Much higher levels, from 154 to 198 µg/m 3 , were registered in the gymnasium. Weekend average values lower than 20 µg/m 3 were obtained in both sports facilities, which are comparable to the outdoor levels throughout the week. The high particle levels in the gym are mainly due to the climbing chalk and the constant process of resuspension.

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“…Formaldehyde it is obtained through the oxidation of methanol and manufactured in a 37% (w/v) aqueous solution (Alves & Aciole, 2012). It is considered a simple aldehyde, having only one carbonyl carbon attached to two hydrogens -HCHO (Russel, 1994;Atkins & Jones, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is considered a simple aldehyde, having only one carbonyl carbon attached to two hydrogens -HCHO (Russel, 1994;Atkins & Jones, 2011). It is a colorless, volatile liquid compound and exhibits a strong and irritating odor, in addition, it is soluble in water, toxic in high concentrations and can be flammable (Alves & Aciole, 2012). Since it is a volatile compound, consumers and professionals who use this product category (hair straighteners) containing formaldehyde are highly affected, both by its irritating effect on the scalp, and more especially by the inhalation of this compound causing harmful effects to the health (Abraham et al, 2009a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of formaldehyde in samples of hair straighteners and suitability of the labels

Silvestre

Fagá

Almeida-Cincotto

et al. 2020

Rev. Ciênc. Farm. Básica Apl.

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Formaldehyde is an active compound, irregularly used in hair products, that has the property of straighten and waterproofing the wires. However, it is highly toxic and can stimulate dermatological hypersensitivity and cancer. In this context it is of fundamental importance the inspection of these products that can be used in safe conditions for the consumer, without formaldehyde in concentrations higher than the allowed. Thus, the aim of this research was the qualitative and quantitative identification formaldehyde in samples of hair straighteners that was obtained by donation in the beauty salons of Araraquara-SP. In addition, the analysis of the packaging labels of the products tested were conducted, following the requirements of the national legislation-RDC 07/2015 which defines the mandatory labeling standards for cosmetic products. A qualitative analysis for formaldehyde identification is based on the formation of a purple colored complex. The quantitative analysis was performed by spectrophotometry. The qualitative and quantitative formaldehyde analysis methods were applied to 13 bottles of hair straighteners. When submitted to qualitative analysis, all samples showed formaldehyde presence. The quantitative analysis demonstrated that the samples identified as B, C, D, E, G, H, I, J and M presented formaldehyde concentration of 3.5 to 14.5%, which is above of the limit recommended by the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), of 0.2%. In the label analysis, in all samples were found irregularities.

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Formaldeído em escolas: uma revisão

Cited by 7 publications

References 81 publications

Indoor air quality in gyms - a case study in the county of Coimbra

Indoor air quality in gyms - a case study in the county of Coimbra

Indoor Air Quality in Two University Sports Facilities

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of formaldehyde in samples of hair straighteners and suitability of the labels

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