Form finding and analysis of inflatable dams using dynamic relaxation

Streeter, M. J. V.; Rhode-Barbarigos, Landolf; Adriaenssens, Sigrid

doi:10.1016/j.amc.2014.12.054

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…When inflated, the rubber dam forms a shape of a teardrop, which depends on the external water levels and internal pressures. A number of analytical and numerical methods can be used to determine the crosssectional shape of the rubber dam under given conditions [2,3,13]. In order to measure the shape of the rubber dam using the inertial sensing technique, an array of inertial measurement units (IMUs) with known distance between adjacent nodes is placed on the peripheral of the rubber dam.…”

Section: A Overall Sensing Arrangementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PI k e k e    (2) where P k and I k are proportional and integral gains, respectively, and e is the error between the measured gravitational direction v using the accelerometer and the estimated gravitational direction v :…”

Section: B Tangent Angle Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the flexibility of the rubber dam structures calls for continuous monitoring and control of their operating conditions. The cross-sectional shape and height of a rubber dam vary continuously with external water levels and internal pressures, the applied force of which on the dam are in turn functions of the former [2]. The loading-shape interaction poses significant challenges for the design, analysis and control of rubber dams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Quantitative Shape Measurement of An Inflatable Rubber Dam Using Inertial Sensors

Yan

Efstratiou

et al. 2020

2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)

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Section: A Overall Sensing Arrangementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Tangent Angle Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Quantitative Shape Measurement of An Inflatable Rubber Dam Using Inertial Sensors

Yan

Efstratiou

et al. 2020

2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)

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“…The benefits associated with the flexibility of the rubber dam structure are accompanied by significant challenges in their design and operation. The cross-sectional shape and height of a rubber dam vary continuously with external water levels and internal pressures, while the forces applied externally and internally depend in turn on the dam shape and height [2]. The two-way interaction between loading and shape calls for complex mathematical models for design and analysis as well as continuous monitoring and control of the dam shape and height.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Shape Measurement of an Inflatable Rubber Dam Using an Array of Inertial Measurement Units

Yan

Efstratiou

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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Shape measurement plays an important role in the condition monitoring and operation control of inflatable rubber dams. This paper presents a method to measure the cross-sectional shape of a rubber dam using an array of inertial measurement units (IMUs) placed on the circumference of the dam. Accelerometer and gyroscope measurements are combined using an adaptive complementary filter to determine the tangent angles of the dam circumference. The adaptive complementary filter adjusts the weights of the accelerometer and gyroscope measurements dynamically in order to reduce the uncertainty in orientation estimation due to external acceleration under dynamic conditions. A natural cubic spline that interpolates the measured tangent angles at discrete locations is used to represent the tangent angles along the dam circumference as a continuous function of the arc length. Finally, the cross-sectional shape is reconstructed by integrating the continuous tangent angle function along the circumference of the dam. Experimental assessment of the measurement system was performed on a purpose-built test rig using a digital camera as a reference measuring device. Results under a typical static condition show that the measured and reference shapes agree well with each other, with a similarity index of 3.74%, mismatch distance of the last IMU node being 12.3 mm and relative error of height measurement being -2.44%. Under dynamic conditions, the measurement results deteriorate due to external acceleration, but considerable improvement is achieved in comparison with an accelerometer-only approach. In addition, elimination of faulty nodes from shape reconstruction has negligible influence on the results, suggesting that the measurement system enjoys a high degree of fault tolerance.

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“…The oscillation and bumps of the membrane performance were also studied. [4] employed an analysis technique involving a well-established form-finding method and dynamic relaxation for inflatable dam cross-sectional analysis. The system was analysed under different pressures and loading support conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-Hydrodynamic Design of an Intelligent Balloon Water Gate Controlled by an Efficient Maximum-Power-Seeking Controller for a Solar Generation System

et al. 2019

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The intelligent balloon water gate (IBWG) invention is a hydraulic gate model made of reinforced plastic that controls the water level (WL) downstream or upstream of a barrage. The IBWG automatically inflates and deflates by compressed air to close and open the water passage, respectively. The whole design consists of a balloon, a waterway, sensors, an air compressor, a control panel, an electrical circuit and a photovoltaic generation (PVG) system. The Tyass barrage in Iraq was considered as a case study. The Tyass barrage was built with concrete and four sliding steel water gates and redesigned using the IBWG. The originality of the current research resides in the combination of the IBWG mechanism with an efficient maximum power point (MPP) seeking controller for a photovoltaic generation system, which is one of the most promising sources of renewable energy in the world. To the best of our knowledge, in this field, this scenario has not yet been discussed in detail. Upper and lower water sensors are used to control the IBWG. The upper sensor sends a signal to the control panel when the downstream water level reaches its maximum value to open the air inlet valve and close the outlet valve, inflating 14 IBWGs with a volume of 3.5 m 3 under 122 psi of pressure and closing the water passage. When the WL decreases below the minimum level, the lower sensor initiates the opposite procedure. The air compressor automatically fills the air tank to 181 psi and is supplied by a 24 VDC AGM rechargeable battery with a capacity of 40-60 Ah, which is charged by four solar panels connected in parallel and exposed to an average of 8.8 hrs/day of sunshine. The proposed MPP-seeking controller was implemented by a backstepping design coupled with the grey wolf mechanism. The solar irradiance data were observed 39 years ago. The proposed controller is capable of following the MPP with minimum oscillations under an external irradiance variation. The IBWG system is verified at night or during the early morning when the sun is not active. Nevertheless, it is possible to store compressed air in an auxiliary tank to avoid emergencies such as partial shading conditions. INDEX TERMS Electro-hydrodynamic rubber water gate, PVG system, backstepping technique, grey wolf optimization, lyapunov stability.

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Form finding and analysis of inflatable dams using dynamic relaxation

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Quantitative Shape Measurement of An Inflatable Rubber Dam Using Inertial Sensors

Quantitative Shape Measurement of An Inflatable Rubber Dam Using Inertial Sensors

Quantitative Shape Measurement of an Inflatable Rubber Dam Using an Array of Inertial Measurement Units

Electro-Hydrodynamic Design of an Intelligent Balloon Water Gate Controlled by an Efficient Maximum-Power-Seeking Controller for a Solar Generation System

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