Forkhead family transcription factor FoxO and neural differentiation

Abstract

The Forkhead Box subgroup O (FoxO) transcription factor family is one of the most important downstream targets of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway playing an important role in many biological functions including transcriptional regulation of cellular differentiation. Neuronal differentiation is a complex process which involves many signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms. Interestingly, recent studies indicate that the FoxO family is involved in a number of signaling pathways regulating cell differentiation. The actions occur at different stages in the differentiation process and by differing mechanisms. This review will focus on FoxO as a novel transcription factor in neural differentiation.

Prognostic value of FOXQ1 in patients with malignant solid tumors: a meta-analysis

“…As a transcription factor, forkhead family protein plays important roles in cell cycle regulation, embryonic development, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, aging, immune regulation, and other biological processes 4,23,24. As a member of forkhead family protein, in mammals, FOXQ1 was initially found to take part in hair follicle development 8.…”

Forkhead box O transcription factors as possible mediators in the development of major depression

“…Through regulation via the PI3K/Akt pathway, many of downstream target genes of FasL,MnSOD,p27,PEPCK) are regulated and these gene products play roles in cell proliferation (p27), differentiation (Btg-1), metabolism (PEPCK) , apoptosis (Bim-1, FasL) and drug resistance (Wen et al, 2012;van der Vos and Coffer, 2011;Hui et al, 2008). For example, sustained FoxO3a activation promotes drug resistance by activating and promoting the expression of ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1, which is a plasma membrane P-glycoprotein that functions as an efflux pump for various anticancer agents, including doxorubicin (Hui et al, 2008).…”

“…The PI3K/Akt signal pathway plays a critical role in mediating neuronal survival. FoxO regulates the expression of genes involved in neuronal cell apoptosis and oxidative stress, such as Bim-1, FasL, Catalase and MnSOD (Brunet et al, 2001a, Wen et al, 2012. The pattern of protein distribution related to FoxO functions points to the associated biological functions.…”

“…11 FoxOs (except for FoxO6, which is constitutively nuclear) by facilitating their translocation out of the nucleus (Wen et al, 2012). In both invertebrate and vertebrate brain, FoxOs can be phosphorylated and inactivated by serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors or exogenous serotonin via a PI3K/Akt-dependent mechanism (Polter et al, 2009;Liang et al, 2006).…”

FOXQ1 promotes esophageal cancer proliferation and metastasis by negatively modulating CDH1

“…metabolism, cell cycle regulation, aging, immune regulation and other biological processes [15][16][17]. Initial studies indicated that FOXQ1 took part in hair follicle development in mammals [18], hereafter FOXQ1 overexpression was found in colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, bladder cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, nonsmall cell lung cancer, and ovarian cancer [19][20][21].…”