Forest Resources of the United States, 2012: a technical document supporting the Forest Service 2010 update of the RPA Assessment

Oswalt, Sonja N.; Smith, W. Brad; Miles, Patrick D.; Pugh, Scott A.

doi:10.2737/wo-gtr-91

Cited by 265 publications

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“…), because they are the most common forest types (Fig. S1), and oaks are the most common tree genus in North America's more than 130 Mha temperate broadleaf forest (16,17). Across a series of plots 20-m wide and extending 30 m from the forest's edge to its interior, we quantified the basal area (BA; i.e., cross-sectional area of wood), Significance A large proportion of the world's forest is highly fragmented, but our understanding of forest carbon dynamics and their response to climate largely comes from unfragmented forests, which presents an important mismatch between landscapes that we study and those that we aim to characterize.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Edge effects enhance carbon uptake and its vulnerability to climate change in temperate broadleaf forests

Reinmann

Hutyra

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

104

103

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Forest fragmentation is a ubiquitous, ongoing global phenomenon with profound impacts on the growing conditions of the world's remaining forest. The temperate broadleaf forest makes a large contribution to the global terrestrial carbon sink but is also the most heavily fragmented forest biome in the world. We use field measurements and geospatial analyses to characterize carbon dynamics in temperate broadleaf forest fragments. We show that forest growth and biomass increase by 89 ± 17% and 64 ± 12%, respectively, from the forest interior to edge, but ecosystem edge enhancements are not currently captured by models or approaches to quantifying regional C balance. To the extent that the findings from our research represent the forest of southern New England in the United States, we provide a preliminary estimate that edge growth enhancement could increase estimates of the region's carbon uptake and storage by 13 ± 3% and 10 ± 1%, respectively. However, we also find that forest growth near the edge declines three times faster than that in the interior in response to heat stress during the growing season. Using climate projections, we show that future heat stress could reduce the forest edge growth enhancement by one-third by the end of the century. These findings contrast studies of edge effects in the world's other major forest biomes and indicate that the strength of the temperate broadleaf forest carbon sink and its capacity to mitigate anthropogenic carbon emissions may be stronger, but also more sensitive to climate change than previous estimates suggest.climate change | forest fragmentation | land cover change | terrestrial carbon cycle | tree growth D espite advances in measurement and remote sensing methods for carbon (C) accounting, considerable uncertainty remains in estimates of the global forest C sink and the C implications of deforestation (1-4). Expansion of agricultural and developed land has reduced global forest cover by one-third (5) and led to emissions of up to 146 Pg C to the atmosphere since 1850 (3). These changes in land cover and land use have also resulted in widespread landscape fragmentation, with 20% of the world's remaining forest within 100 m of a forest's edge (6). Compared with the forest interior, forest edges often experience altered growing conditions because of novel microenvironment conditions that typically include higher temperatures, vapor pressure deficit, wind, and availability of resources, such as light and nutrients (7-10). Consequently, the effects of deforestation on the terrestrial C cycle extend into adjacent forest fragments (10-12), with a growing body of research from tropical rainforests (10), temperate rainforests (11), and boreal forests (12) showing widespread increases in tree mortality and reductions in biomass near the forest's edge. Edges were recently associated with a 10% reduction in tropical forest C density (13), which highlights the importance of considering landscape fragmentation when quantifying regional C balance (14). Furthermore, the potentia...

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Edge effects enhance carbon uptake and its vulnerability to climate change in temperate broadleaf forests

Reinmann

Hutyra

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

104

103

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“…There are differences between the definitions of forest land used by FIA and the RPA Assessment (Oswalt et al 2014), even though they use the same underlying FIA plot data. The update to the 2010 RPA Assessment of forest resources uses the terms "forest" and "other wooded lands," which is often simplified to "forest and woodland" and follows the international definition used by the Food and Agriculture Organization.…”

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“…The main 2010 RPA Assessment report for forest resources is Smith et al (2009) and the accompanying NWOS report is Butler (2008). The main forest resource report for the update to the 2010 RPA Assessment is Oswalt et al (2014), and this report is part of the NWOS contribution to the update.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Separate sets of tables for the nation and for the three regions shown in Figure 1 are available at https://doi.org/10.2737/ NRS-RB-114. The reporting regions are based on those used by the RPA Assessment (Oswalt et al 2014). However, due to small response rates, in this report the Pacific Coast and Rocky Mountain RPA regions were combined into the West region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

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National Woodland Owner Survey: family forest ownerships with 1 to 9 acres, 2011-2013.

Butler¹

2017

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This report summarizes results from the 2011-2013 National Woodland Owner Survey (NWOS) conducted by the U.S. Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis program for family forest ownerships with forest holdings of 1-9 acres. Summaries are based on responses from 1,025 family ownerships with 1-9 acres of forest across 39 U.S. states. Survey summary tables are provided for the nation and three regions (North, South, and West) and are available at https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-RB-114. To generate reliable statistics, only the 39 states with at least five respondents are included. The survey summary tables provide statistics on general forest ownership patterns, ownership characteristics, land characteristics, reasons for owning land, land ownership history, uses of the forest land, sources of information, concerns, the future of their land, and demographics.

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Improved forest management as a natural climate solution: A review

Kaarakka

Cornett

Domke

et al. 2021

Ecol Sol and Evidence

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1. Natural climate solutions (NCS), a set of land management, conservation and restoration practices aimed at mitigating climate change, have been introduced as cost-effective strategies to increase carbon (C) sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. Improved forest management (IFM) has been identified as one NCS for working forests with substantial climate change mitigation potential. However, there is a disconnect between the policy and carbon markets context and the scientific evidence for verifiable C benefits. Further, forest soil C-the largest forest C pool-has largely been excluded from current forest management guidelines and has not been included in the IFM discourse.2. Herein, we assess the evidence for the potential of specific IFM practices to sequester C in live forest vegetation and store it in both live and dead organic matter, and forest soil. We review IFM approaches that can enhance forest C storage, and links to best management practices and silvicultural systems to offer guidance for practitioners and researchers in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and opportunities in including soil C in forest C management guidelines and frameworks. K E Y W O R D Scarbon management, forest carbon, forest management, improved forest management, land use, land management, natural climate solutions, silviculture, soil carbon INTRODUCTIONLand management strongly affects the ability of ecosystems to sequester and store carbon (C). Natural climate solutions (NCS), a set of land management, conservation and restoration practices aimed at mitigating climate change, have been introduced as cost-effective tools that increase C sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems (Fargione et al., 2018;Griscom et al., 2017), while also sustaining biodiversityThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Forest Resources of the United States, 2012: a technical document supporting the Forest Service 2010 update of the RPA Assessment

Cited by 265 publications

References 0 publications

Edge effects enhance carbon uptake and its vulnerability to climate change in temperate broadleaf forests

Edge effects enhance carbon uptake and its vulnerability to climate change in temperate broadleaf forests

National Woodland Owner Survey: family forest ownerships with 1 to 9 acres, 2011-2013.

Improved forest management as a natural climate solution: A review

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