Forest Carbon Sequestration and Global Change

Häger, Achim; Schwendenmann, Luitgard

doi:10.1201/b19975-4

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…In summary, the natural forest stands, especially the TMF, store the majority of C (over 95%; Table 4), as has also been reported [4], which highlights the importance of intact forest ecosystems as C stocks. The pastures as well as the subpáramo area are negligible C stocks taking into consideration future anthropogenic CO 2 emissions [2,11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…However, the subpáramo areas, as well as the natural forest ecosystems (TMF and Elfin forest), provide another important service, being the water supply for the local and regional population (e.g., [116]). Therefore, the primary objective should be the protection of these natural ecosystems from human disturbance [4,6,7], while considering the possibility of additional greenhouse gas emissions caused by ongoing deforestation, which is especially problematic in the tropical mountains of Ecuador [9,13]. Also, reforestation programs, such as REDD+ [117] should be expedited, however, occasionally the efforts are complicated due to the changing and more extreme climatic conditions over pasture and agricultural lands (e.g., [81,82]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Global forests cover~31% of the earth surface [1] and play an important role in the global carbon (C) cycle as well as for the climate system [2]. Forests are the most important C stocks and sinks because they store 70-90% of the terrestrial carbon (e.g., [3,4]). However, forested areas are globally endangered by human activities, such as deforestation, which is mainly caused by enhanced population pressure, especially in tropical countries [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Above Ground Biomass in a Tropical Mountain Forest in Southern Ecuador Using Airborne LiDAR Data

et al. 2018

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A reliable estimation of Above Ground Biomass (AGB) in Tropical Mountain Forest (TMF) is still complicated, due to fast-changing climate and topographic conditions, which modifies the forest structure within fine scales. The variations in vertical and horizontal forest structure are hardly detectable by small field plots, especially in natural TMF due to the high tree diversity and the inaccessibility of remote areas. Therefore, the present approach used remotely sensed data from a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensor in combination with field measurements to estimate AGB accurately for a catchment in the Andes of southeastern Ecuador. From the LiDAR data, information about horizontal and vertical structure of the TMF could be derived and the vegetation at tree level classified, differentiated between the prevailing forest types (ravine forest, ridge forest and Elfin Forest). Furthermore, topographical variables (Topographic Position Index, TPI; Morphometric Protection Index, MPI) were calculated by means of the high-resolution LiDAR data to analyse the AGB distribution within the catchment. The field measurements included different tree parameters of the species present in the plots, which were used to determine the local mean Wood Density (WD) as well as the specific height-diameter relationship to calculate AGB, applying regional scale modelling at tree level. The results confirmed that field plot measurements alone cannot capture completely the forest structure in TMF but in combination with high resolution LiDAR data, applying a classification at tree level, the AGB amount (Mg ha −1) and its distribution in the entire catchment could be estimated adequately (model accuracy at tree level: R 2 > 0.91). It was found that the AGB distribution is strongly related to ridges and depressions (TPI) and to the protection of the site (MPI), because high AGB was also detected at higher elevations (up to 196.6 Mg ha −1 , above 2700 m), if the site is situated in depressions (ravine forest) and protected by the surrounding terrain. In general, highest AGB is stored in the protected ravine TMF parts, also at higher elevations, which could only be detected by means of the remote sensed data in high resolution, because most of these areas are inaccessible. Other vegetation units, present in the study catchment (pasture and subpáramo) do not contain large AGB stocks, which underlines the importance of intact natural forest stands.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Above Ground Biomass in a Tropical Mountain Forest in Southern Ecuador Using Airborne LiDAR Data

et al. 2018

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“…We studied the lowland tropical coastal forest (LCF) ecosystem in Tanzania, located in 5 • 0 40" and 6 • 0 40" S, 37 • 50 0" and 38 • 50 0" E in the wildlife-rich north-eastern tourist circuit ([29]; Figure 1). The area occupies approximately 5397 km 2 and spans an altitudinal gradient of approximately 875 m above sea level (masl) [26,30] around the Wami River sub-basin, which links terrestrial and marine ecosystems [30][31][32] (Figure 1). This LCF lies in one of the world's known hotspots of biological diversity, including both the Eastern Arc Mountains and coastal forest [26].…”

Section: Study Area Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tropical forests play an essential role in the global carbon cycle. They store approximately 40-50% of the total carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems of the world, account for around 30-40% of global net primary production [1][2][3], are currently under threat due to deforestation [4]. Tropical montane forest's (TMFs) above-ground live biomass carbon (AGC) varies along the elevation gradient and with soil physico-chemical properties [1] but is not tested in lowland coastal forests (LCF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Use Land/Cover Change Reduces Woody Plant Diversity and Carbon Stocks in a Lowland Coastal Forest Ecosystem, Tanzania

Ntukey

Treydte

2022

Sustainability

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The East-African lowland coastal forest (LCF) is one of Africa’s centres of species endemism, representing an important biodiversity hotspot. However, deforestation and forest degradation due to the high demand for fuelwood has reduced forest cover and diversity, with unknown consequences for associated terrestrial carbon stocks in this LCF system. Our study assessed spatio-temporal land use and land cover changes (LULC) in 1998, 2008, 2018 in the LCF ecosystem, Tanzania. In addition, we conducted a forest inventory survey and calculated associated carbon storage for this LCF ecosystem. Using methods of land use change evaluation plug-in in QGIS based on historical land use data, we modelled carbon stock trends post-2018 in associated LULC for the future 30 years. We found that agriculture and grassland combined increased substantially by 21.5% between the year 1998 and 2018 while forest cover declined by 29%. Furthermore, forest above-ground live biomass carbon (AGC) was 2.4 times higher in forest than in the bushland, 5.8 times in the agriculture with scattered settlement and 14.8 times higher than in the grassland. The estimated average soil organic carbon (SOC) was 76.03 ± 6.26 t/ha across the entire study area. Our study helps to identify land use impacts on ecosystem services, supporting decision-makers in future land-use planning.

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Forest Carbon Sequestration and Global Change

Cited by 2 publications

References 163 publications

Estimation of Above Ground Biomass in a Tropical Mountain Forest in Southern Ecuador Using Airborne LiDAR Data

Estimation of Above Ground Biomass in a Tropical Mountain Forest in Southern Ecuador Using Airborne LiDAR Data

Land Use Land/Cover Change Reduces Woody Plant Diversity and Carbon Stocks in a Lowland Coastal Forest Ecosystem, Tanzania

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