Forensic Medicine

Dettmeyer, R.; Verhoff, Marcel A.; Schütz, H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38818-7

Cited by 94 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…So, the number of diatom types in the organs is likely to be less than that in the water. The spectrum of diatoms found in the drowning medium (water) and tissues (organs) of the victim is similar, but does not concur exactly .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…For the conventional diatom test to provide confirmative evidence in the diagnosis of drowning, there are several basic principles forensic scientists follows: (i) Diatoms should be found in the distant organs such as the liver, kidneys, or bone marrows; (ii) certain numbers of diatoms to be discovered in the diatom tests: 20 diatoms/100 μL of sediment taken from 10 g of lung tissue and 5 diatoms/100 μL of sediment taken from 10 g tissue from at least one other organs. Apparently, the condition (i) is a qualitative criterion, and condition (ii) is a quantitative requirement which is not suitable for the varieties of the drowning or living environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All 128 cases were processed by the MD‐VF‐Auto SEM method . Among these cases, 13 cases were confirmed postmortem immersion; 115 cases were confirmed drowning victims based on the following evidence: the typical signs of drowning and the exclusion of other injuries, drug, intoxication, alcohol, and meditation related. Among 115 cases, 17 cases had eyewitness as well as autopsy findings; 98 cases were confirmed drowning by autopsy only without eyewitness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Diagnostic Value of Quantitative Assessment of Diatom Test for Drowning: An Analysis of 128 Water‐related Death Cases using Microwave Digestion‐Vacuum Filtration‐Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy

Zhao

Liu

Bardeesi

et al. 2017

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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The value of diatom test for the diagnosis of drowning remains controversial. The conventional forensic diatom test with low sensitivity is not a useful tool to provide accurate information about diatom in the tissues and organs. To improve the sensitivity of the diatom test, we developed a novel method called the Microwave Digestion-Vacuum Filtration-Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy (MD-VF-Auto SEM) method which resulted in a high recovery of diatoms. In this article, we analyzed 128 water-related death cases. Our results showed that the MD-VF-Auto SEM method could achieve a much higher positive rate (0.97) in drowning cases. Large amounts of diatoms are retained, even concentrated, in the lung tissues during the intense breathing movement in drowning process. This might be useful for the diagnosis of drowning. Our research indicates that the MD-VF-Auto SEM method would be a valuable methodology in the study of diatom test for the forensic community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Diagnostic Value of Quantitative Assessment of Diatom Test for Drowning: An Analysis of 128 Water‐related Death Cases using Microwave Digestion‐Vacuum Filtration‐Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy

Zhao

Liu

Bardeesi

et al. 2017

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…Descriptions of fatal dehydration in forensic medicine textbooks and case reports concern almost always cases of neglect in children or elderly people. According to these, autopsy findings may include decreased skin turgor, sunken eyes, and dry organ surfaces . While microscopic examination is also noncontributive in these cases, postmortem chemistry is of uttermost importance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Fatal Dehydration During Police Custody

Zilg

2018

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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In the forensic literature, fatal dehydration predominantly concerns young children or incapacitated elderly persons. The postmortem diagnosis of fatal dehydration can be challenging to confirm, especially if the preceding circumstances are unknown. Here presented is a case of a 23‐year‐old man who died while held in an isolation cell during police custody for 18 days. Autopsy findings were unspecific, but vitreous fluid analysis showed 192 mmol/L sodium, 179 mmol/L chloride, 16 mmol/L potassium, 352 μmol/L (3.98 mg/dL) creatinine, and 81 mmol/L (226.9 mg/dL) urea nitrogen. Based on the findings and circumstances, the cause of death was determined as severe dehydration and manner of death accident. This case illustrates the importance of performing postmortem biochemistry.

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“…In many fatal cases in livestock, financial compensation is only paid if the cause of death can be conclusively related to a lightning strike, implying that the diagnostic pathologist is familiar with characteristic morphological findings. 26 This review gives an overview about causes, pathogenic mechanisms, morphological findings, additional investigations, differential diagnoses, and causes of death in various forms of electrical impact. Some aspects of damage by electricity and lightning in this review article have deliberately been adopted from human legal medicine to provide a comprehensive overview and alert the veterinary pathologist in this respect even if these findings have not yet been described in veterinary literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Injuries in Animals

Schulze¹,

Peters

Baumgärtner³

et al. 2016

Vet Pathol

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Electrical injuries in animals occur most often accidentally. They comprise contact to various forms of currents, including alternating, rotary, or direct currents. Depending on various parameters of the current (including the type of circuit, voltage, current and duration of exposure) and conditions of the animal (such as wet or dry hair coat and pathway of current through the body), lesions may be absent or may include early or localized development of rigor mortis, signs of acute circulatory failure, or severe thermoelectrical burns. Such burns may present as external current marks, singed hair or feathers, metallization of the skin, or occasionally internal electroporation injury resulting in muscle necrosis, hemolysis, vascular damage with thrombosis, injury to brain and spinal cord, or skeletal fractures. Furthermore, lightning strikes occur regularly in grazing animals, which have greater risk of death from step potentials (ground current) in addition to direct strike and contact injury. Such cases may have no lesions, external signs of linear or punctate burns, keraunographic markings, or exit burns on the soles of the hooves or the coronary bands. Besides detailed information about the circumstances at the location where the animal was found, electrical injuries in animals require a thorough morphological workup, including additional investigations in conjunction with certain knowledge about the possible lesion spectrum.

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Forensic Medicine

Cited by 94 publications

References 0 publications

The Diagnostic Value of Quantitative Assessment of Diatom Test for Drowning: An Analysis of 128 Water‐related Death Cases using Microwave Digestion‐Vacuum Filtration‐Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy

The Diagnostic Value of Quantitative Assessment of Diatom Test for Drowning: An Analysis of 128 Water‐related Death Cases using Microwave Digestion‐Vacuum Filtration‐Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy

A Case of Fatal Dehydration During Police Custody

Electrical Injuries in Animals

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