Forecasting Sclerotinia stem rot in spring sown oilseed rape

Twengström, Eva; Sigvald, Roland; Svensson, C.; Yuen, Jonathan

doi:10.1016/s0261-2194(98)00035-0

Cited by 95 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, their survival is dependent on numerous factors, including Sclerotinia species, sclerotial size and shape, soil type and chemistry, soil microbial populations likely to degrade sclerotia, previous crops planted and climatic conditions. 4,[16][17][18][19] Sclerotia have two germination mechanisms which initiate the processes of plant infection: carpogenic germination and myceliogenic germination. 1 These processes allow the pathogen to act as an air-and soil-borne pathogen, respectively.…”

Section: Formation and Germination Of Sclerotiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar Swedish risk point system was evaluated and calibrated to yield the model presented in Table 1. 4 The Swedish risk point system was developed for spring sown canola in Sweden, using field-specific weather parameters and agricultural production practice data. 4 The only input requiring routine effort is the regional risk analysis for apothecium development, for which naturally produced sclerotia are placed in canola fields during spring, and monitored weekly to record the average number of apothecia developing from 100 sclerotia in each region.…”

Section: Risk Point Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the risk points are ≥50 then a severe incidence of canola Sclerotinia stem rot is expected, and spraying is recommended. Twengström et al 4 evaluated the accuracy of the risk point system at multiple sites over two seasons. The model correctly identified 75% of fields that required fungicide application.…”

Section: Risk Factor Possible Answers Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Yield losses caused by S. sclerotiorum, particularly on canola in Sweden, the United Kingdom and Germany, may reach between 50% and 70%. 4,5 Canola is the third most valuable crop in Canada, where production has been severely affected by S. sclerotiorum. 6 In sunflowers, Sclerotinia head rot has been responsible for USD200 million damage annually in America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disease prediction: A review and potential applications in South Africa

Rothmann¹,

McLaren²

2018

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a predominant plant pathogen, with host crops of agricultural and economic importance internationally. South African host crops of importance include canola, soybean and sunflower, which contribute significantly to the South African economy. This significance emphasises the importance of effective disease management strategies, including rotation with non-host crops, planting cultivars with a degree of tolerance, and using relevant cultural and chemical practices. The sporadic nature of disease outbreaks caused by Sclerotinia spp. can complicate fungicide application timing as a result of the pathogen’s interaction with the host and environment. The use of prediction modelling for diseases caused by Sclerotinia spp. can contribute to increased fungicide application efficacy and a reduction in the number of unnecessary sprays. Predictive modelling is based upon the collection and statistical analysis of multi-locality and multi-seasonal, pathogen, disease and weather data. Incorporating the complexity of disease initiation and development into such models is dependent on selecting the correct statistical tools to interpret appropriate data, which can be used to develop a model that is accurate, precise and reliable. Internationally, forecasting models for diseases caused by Sclerotinia spp. exist and are applied commercially for multiple Sclerotinia spp. on important agricultural crops. The application of these models in a South African context has been limited but provides promise for effective disease intervention technologies. This review provides a platform to raise awareness of the potential applications of plant disease epidemiology and the use of statistics and mathematical modelling in agricultural systems. Plant disease forecasts are an important part of the future for sustainable and economically viable agronomic decisions.

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Section: Formation and Germination Of Sclerotiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Point Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factor Possible Answers Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disease prediction: A review and potential applications in South Africa

Rothmann¹,

McLaren²

2018

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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“…When the program has calculated enough risk, advice is given to apply a fungicide, and also the particular fungicide type against Sclerotinia stem rot is recommended. Scheme No 8, which is a slightly modified system worked out by Swedish researchers (Twengstrom et al, 1998), was included in the trial of 2007/2008. Also this scheme is built on actual observations in the field and on risk calculations, but without a special computer program, which is money consuming.…”

Section: Meteorological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%