Forced Exposure and Psychological Reactance: Antecedents and Consequences of the Perceived Intrusiveness of Pop-Up Ads

Edwards, Steven M.; Li, Hairong; Lee, Juhyun

doi:10.1080/00913367.2002.10673678

Cited by 729 publications

(560 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…In the context of web-based advertising reactance, consumers tend to avoid web sites that show interrupting ads like pop-ups. The perception of intrusiveness can, however, is decreased if the ads are relevant to the target group and if they provide value to the recipient ( Edwards et al, 2002 ). Thus, perceived irritation can be infl uenced by an ad ' s message.…”

Section: Results Of Hypotheses Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-mail advertising: A study of consumer attitude toward e-mail advertising among Indian users

Haq

2009

J Retail Leisure Property

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E-mail marketing offers great opportunities for businesses. Marketing activities supported by e-mails allow companies to directly communicate with their consumers without time or location barriers. The topic of advertising via e-mails is of major interest. It addresses consumers with individualized advertising messages via e-mails. This paper discusses its relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward advertising via e-mails. The analysis is based on a consumer survey. For this purpose, a quota sample of 800 Internet users in India has been interviewed. The results indicate that the content and the frequency of advertising message have the largest impact on attitude toward advertising via e-mails. By understanding consumers, attitude toward advertising, designers and marketers can better strategize their advertising designs. A better understanding of interactivity can also help to improve the effectiveness of interactive media such as the Internet. A methodology for studying the factors that contribute to consumers ' perceptions of ads is proposed, and implications for Internet-based advertising are discussed.

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Section: Results Of Hypotheses Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-mail advertising: A study of consumer attitude toward e-mail advertising among Indian users

Haq

2009

J Retail Leisure Property

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“…Consumers-at least in developed countries-are accustomed to having the freedom to choose among alternatives in most facets of life. Given these freedoms, consumers tend to be sensitive to threats to loss of freedom, whether in terms of promotional influence (Edwards, Li, & Lee, 2002;Fitzsimons & Lehmann, 2004;White, Zahay, Thorbjørnsen, & Shavitt, 2008;Wicklund, Slattum, & Solomon, 1970), product unavailability (Brehm, Stires, Sensenig, & Shaban, 1966;Fitzsimons, 2000;Gierl & Huettl, 2010;West, 1975), or pricing (Clee & Wicklund, 1980;Wicklund et al, 1970). The theory of psychological reactance (Brehm, 1966) assumes that humans have a pre-disposition to preserve and restore their personal freedoms.…”

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Customer reactions to acquirer-dominant mergers and acquisitions

Thorbjørnsen

Dahlén

2011

International Journal of Research in Marketing

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This article investigates consumer reactions to acquirer-dominant mergers and acquisitions (M&As) from the perspective of the (smaller) target brand and explores how marketing actions can mitigate negative effects. The findings from five studies show that consumers tend to react negatively to M&As by devaluing the acquirer brand, increasing their intention to switch, and adjusting their attitudes toward the target brand upward. We suggest that psychological reactance is a mediator for the negative effects of merger information on customers' attitudes and switching intentions. We also demonstrate that brand managers can attenuate reactance by involving consumers in merger decisions, thus providing important managerial implications for M&A decisions and processes.

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“…When consumers are irritated by advertisements, they display cognitive as well as behavioural avoidance strategies (Edwards et al, 2002). Other studies in the domain of information overload have shown that information complexity reduces motivation (Baldacchino et al, 2002) and causes stress and anxiety among users (Jacoby, 1984, Wurman, 2001.…”

Section: H1mentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of interface complexity and entropy for online information sharing

Spiekermann

Korunovska

2014

Behaviour & Information Technology

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In this paper, we describe two experiments that show the powerful influence of interface complexity and entropy on online information sharing behaviour. 134 participants were asked to do a creativity test and answer six open questions against three different screen backgrounds of increasing complexity. Our data shows that, as an interface becomes more complex and has more entropy users refer less to themselves and show less information sharing breadth. However, their verbal creativity and information sharing depth do not suffer in the same way. Instead, an inverse U-shaped relationship between interface complexity and creativity as well as information sharing depth can be observed: Users become more creative and thoughtful until a certain tipping-point of interface complexity is reached. At that point, creativity and thinking suffer, leading to significantly less disclosure. This result challenges the general HCI assumption that simplicity is always best for computers' interface design, as users' creativity and information sharing depth initially increases with more interface complexity. Our results suggest that the Yerkes-Dodson Law may be a key theory underlying online creativity and depth of online disclosures.

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Forced Exposure and Psychological Reactance: Antecedents and Consequences of the Perceived Intrusiveness of Pop-Up Ads

Abstract: This paper explores forced viewing of 'bop-up

Cited by 729 publications

References 19 publications

E-mail advertising: A study of consumer attitude toward e-mail advertising among Indian users

E-mail advertising: A study of consumer attitude toward e-mail advertising among Indian users

Customer reactions to acquirer-dominant mergers and acquisitions

The importance of interface complexity and entropy for online information sharing

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