Force production by single kinesin motors

Schnitzer, Mark J.; Visscher, Koen; Block, Steven M.

doi:10.1038/35036345

Cited by 540 publications

(668 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The fore-dependence of the unbinding rate is described by an exponential increase with the absolute value of the force F, as suggested by experiments with kinesin-1 56 and by theory, 4 see Fig. 7c.…”

Section: Appendix A: Theoretical Description Of Single Motorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This feature has some interesting consequences for coupled motors that have been addressed experimentally in a recent study for two kinesins coupled via an antibody. 63 We note however that the run length becomes dependent on the ATP concentration if the ATP concentration is sufficiently low; 56 here, what concentration is sufficiently low depends on the concentration of inorganic phosphate in the buffer. 46 To discuss this issue within our theoretical framework, we consider a second mode of varying the single motor velocity.…”

Section: Control Of Travel Distance Through the Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, the force is scaled to the detachment force F d which is of the order of pN. 56 The detachment force can be considered as the characteristic force that the motor can sustain for an extended period of time before unbinding. When backward steps are not modeled explicitly, the forcedependence of the stepping rate a is obtained from the force-velocity relation VðFÞ through aðFÞ ¼ VðFÞ=l; where l is the step length.…”

Section: Appendix A: Theoretical Description Of Single Motorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elastic Coupling Effects in Cooperative Transport by a Pair of Molecular Motors

et al. 2012

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Abstract-Engineered constructs coupling a defined number of molecular motors provide an opportunity to study the cooperative transport of cargoes. Theoretical descriptions for the dynamics of such complexes can help to understand experimental data or to quantitatively formulate expectations for such experiments and provide a general framework for such analysis. Here, we review and extend recent theoretical studies that focused on pairs of molecular motors to study effects of coupling between the motors. We derive explicit results for two elastically coupled kinesin-1 motors as a function of the coupling strength using both linear and nonlinear springs. In addition, we discuss the general dynamics of such motor pairs, which is governed by characteristic time scales for the spontaneous unbinding of motors and for the built-up of strain forces that are sufficiently large to affect the run length and/or the velocity of the motors. We show how the comparison of these time scales can be used to predict the distinct behavior of different motor species, the effects of coupling, and the impact of the single motor velocity on the observable dynamics of a motor pair.

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Section: Appendix A: Theoretical Description Of Single Motorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Control Of Travel Distance Through the Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix A: Theoretical Description Of Single Motorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elastic Coupling Effects in Cooperative Transport by a Pair of Molecular Motors

et al. 2012

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“…The kinetic constants for fast axonal transport are expected to be at the high end of this range. Indeed, the average detachment rate from MTs for kinesin-1 is estimated to be 1 s −1 (Schnitzer et al [26], Vale et al [19]) while the average attachment rate for cytoplasmic dynein is estimated to be 1.5 s −1 (Carter and Cross [18], Vale et al [19]). However, the transition rate is expected to be smaller than these estimates because the transition involves detachment from MTs with plus-end-out orientation, switching of kinesin to dynein molecular motors, and then attachment to MTs with minus-end-out orientation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling transport of a pulse of radiolabeled organelles in a Drosophila unipolar motor neuron

Кузнецов

2012

J Biol Phys

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Based on published experimental evidence, this paper develops a model for the transport of a pulse of radiolabeled organelles in a unipolar Drosophila motor neuron. In particular, since published data indicate that no microtubules (MTs) travel from the primary neurite into the dendrite, it is investigated how organelles are transported into the dendrite. Analytical solutions describing concentrations of kinesin-and dynein-driven organelles in the primary neurite, axon, and dendrite are obtained. The effects of increasing the width of the pulse and increasing the rate of organelle transition rate from the kinesin-driven to the dynein-driven state are investigated.

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“…The corresponding network of motor cycles provides a unified description for all motor properties that have been determined by single molecule experiments. For kinesin, the experimentally observed properties include motor velocity [9,16,17], bound state diffusion coefficient (or randomness parameter) [16], ratio of forward to backward steps [9], dwell time distributions [9], and run length [18] as functions of ATP concentration and load force as well as motor velocity as a function of P and ADP concentration [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Conversion by Molecular Motors Coupled to Nucleotide Hydrolysis

2009

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Recent theoretical work on the energy conversion by molecular motors coupled to nucleotide hydrolysis is reviewed. The most abundant nucleotide is provided by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) which is cleaved into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate. The motors have several catalytic domains (or active sites), each of which can be empty or occupied by ATP or ADP. The chemical composition of all catalytic domains defines distinct nucleotide states of the motor which form a discrete state space. Each of these motor states is connected to several other states via chemical transitions. For stepping motors such as kinesin, which walk along cytoskeletal filaments, some motor states are also connected by mechanical transitions, during which the motor is displaced along the filament and able to perform mechanical work. The different motor states together with the possible chemical and mechanical transitions provide a network representation for the chemomechanical coupling of the motor molecule. The stochastic motor dynamics on these networks exhibits several distinct motor cycles, which represent the dominant pathways for different regimes of nucleotide concentrations and load force. For the kinesin motor, the competition of two such cycles determines the stall force, at which the motor velocity vanishes and the motor reverses its direction of motion. In general, kinesin is found to be governed by the competition of three distinct chemomechanical cycles. The corresponding network representation provides a unified description for all motor properties that have been determined by single molecule experiments.

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Force production by single kinesin motors

Cited by 540 publications

References 34 publications

Elastic Coupling Effects in Cooperative Transport by a Pair of Molecular Motors

Elastic Coupling Effects in Cooperative Transport by a Pair of Molecular Motors

Modeling transport of a pulse of radiolabeled organelles in a Drosophila unipolar motor neuron

Energy Conversion by Molecular Motors Coupled to Nucleotide Hydrolysis

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