Forane Uptake, Excretion, and Blood Solubility in Man

Cromwell, Thomas H.; Eger, Edmond I.; Stevens, Wendell C.; Dolan, William M.

doi:10.1097/00000542-197110000-00017

Cited by 100 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…We chose to study isoflurane and N20 at equivalent ratio concentrations in terms of ability to induce anesthesia. Although there is approximately a 100-fold difference in the potencies of isoflurane and N20, which would dictate studying isoflurane concentrations of 0.2 and 0.4%, equilibration is slower with isoflurane than with N20 (Cromwell et al 1971). We used a simulation model (Gasman 1990) to estimate that by using higher concentrations of isoflurane (0.3% and 0.6%), isoflurane levels would be at 0.2 and 0.4% by our main testing time (15 min intra-inhalation), with little change occurring throughout the rest of the session.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The subjective, behavioral and cognitive effects of subanesthetic concentrations of isoflurane and nitrous oxide in healthy volunteers

et al. 1994

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A prospective, crossover, double-blind trial was conducted in nine healthy volunteers in which the subjective, psychomotor and memory effects of isoflurane (0.0, 0.3 and 0.6%) and nitrous oxide (N2O) (0, 20 and 40%) were examined. Dependent measures included visual analog scales and a standardized drug effects inventory (subjective effects), reaction time and eye-hand coordination (e.g., psychomotor performance), and immediate and delayed free recall (memory). There were some similarities in subjective effects between the two inhaled drugs (e.g., increased ratings of "drunk" and "spaced out"), but isoflurane had effects which N2O did not have. Isoflurane but not N2O increased visual analog scale ratings of "confused," "sedated," and "carefree," and decreased ratings of "in control of thoughts" and "in control of body." An odor was detected with isoflurane and it was disliked. Psychomotor performance was more grossly impaired during isoflurane inhalation than during N2O inhalation. Psychomotor recovery from both agents was rapid and complete so that 5 min after the inhalation period had ceased, performance had returned to baseline levels. Both isoflurane and nitrous oxide impaired immediate and delayed free recall. The feasibility of using isoflurane in conscious sedation procedures is discussed.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The subjective, behavioral and cognitive effects of subanesthetic concentrations of isoflurane and nitrous oxide in healthy volunteers

et al. 1994

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“…Isofluorane possesses a number of properties which recommend its use either for the semi-chronic or the acute preparation; low blood solubility (blood/gas partition coefficient of isofluorane 1.4, Cromwell and Eger 1971 ;Eger 1981a), an absence of deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system (Stevens et al 1971;Eger 1981a), the potentiation of the action of muscle relaxants (Miller et al 1971 ;Eger 1981b) and a low level of biodegradation (Holaday et al 1975).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the use of isofluorane as an anaesthetic for visual neurophysiology

Tigwell

Sauter

1992

Exp Brain Res

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The use of the anaesthetic isofluorane (Forene, Deutsche Abbott) for unit cell recordings from the monkey striate cortex is considered. Two aspects are emphasised; the maintenance of sustained components of response and the stability of vegetative physiology under isofluorane anaesthesia. A comparison of the use of isofluorane with halothane is made. The similar physical constants of isofluorane and halothane allow the easy adaptation of conventional delivery systems to use with isofluorane, when allowance is made for differences in anaesthetic strength.

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“…Assuming an alveolar ventilation of 4 l.min-', and using the fact that the alveolar concentration of isoflurane (C,) is approximately 0.7 C, after the first half hour of anaesthesia [7], then C,/C,,, = 0.45. This is close to the mean of the asymptotic ratios found in our patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical use of a small soda lime canister in a low‐flow to‐and‐fro system

et al. 1992

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SummaryIt may be possible to overcome the classical disadvantages of a to-and-fro system by the use of a small soda lime canister. We report our experience of such a system in a series of 13 adult patients requiring mechanical ventilation of the lungs during surgery. The system was found to be convenient to use and the charge of soda lime had suficient absorptive capacity to last throughout the great majority of surgical cases. Using a fresh gas flow of I I.min-I. the ratio of inspired isoflurane concentration to isoflurane vaporizer setting was found to be approximately one halfafter 10 min of anaesthesia. This ratio was maintained throughout the procedure, except for a few minutes following each change in vaporizer setting. A to-and-fro system using a small soda lime canister is a convenient alternative to the circle system for low-flow anaesthesia.

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Forane Uptake, Excretion, and Blood Solubility in Man

Cited by 100 publications

References 0 publications

The subjective, behavioral and cognitive effects of subanesthetic concentrations of isoflurane and nitrous oxide in healthy volunteers

The subjective, behavioral and cognitive effects of subanesthetic concentrations of isoflurane and nitrous oxide in healthy volunteers

On the use of isofluorane as an anaesthetic for visual neurophysiology

Clinical use of a small soda lime canister in a low‐flow to‐and‐fro system

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