Footprints in time: comparative quantitative trait loci mapping of the pitcher-plant mosquito,<i>Wyeomyia smithii</i>

Bradshaw, William E.; Emerson, Kevin J.; Catchen, Julian M.; Cresko, William A.; Holzapfel, Christina

doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.1917

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Specifically, the Sbf1 restriction enzyme binding sites (i.e. RAD sites) are scattered across genomes at random locations [27]. Random scattering means that Sbf1 sites are not biased a priori towards particular linkage groups, gene clusters, or genomic regions from correlated evolutionary histories.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replicate Phylogenies and Post-Glacial Range Expansion of the Pitcher-Plant Mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii, in North America

et al. 2013

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Herein we tested the repeatability of phylogenetic inference based on high throughput sequencing by increased taxon sampling using our previously published techniques in the pitcher-plant mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii in North America. We sampled 25 natural populations drawn from different localities nearby 21 previous collection localities and used these new data to construct a second, independent phylogeny, expressly to test the reproducibility of phylogenetic patterns. Comparison of trees between the two data sets based on both maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood with Bayesian posterior probabilities showed close correspondence in the grouping of the most southern populations into clear clades. However, discrepancies emerged, particularly in the middle of W. smithii's current range near the previous maximum extent of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, especially concerning the most recent common ancestor to mountain and northern populations. Combining all 46 populations from both studies into a single maximum parsimony tree and taking into account the post-glacial historical biogeography of associated flora provided an improved picture of W. smithii's range expansion in North America. In a more general sense, we propose that extensive taxon sampling, especially in areas of known geological disruption is key to a comprehensive approach to phylogenetics that leads to biologically meaningful phylogenetic inference.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replicate Phylogenies and Post-Glacial Range Expansion of the Pitcher-Plant Mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii, in North America

et al. 2013

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“…For diapause induction, empirical insights acquired from population crosses and QTL studies are consistent with Mendelian inheritance patterns (Doležel, Vaněčková, Šauman, & Hodkova, ; Han & Denlinger, ; Suwa & Gotoh, ) or indicate an architecture with few loci of large effect sizes (Chen, Xiao, He, Xu, & Xue, ; Danilevskii, ; Demont & Blanckenhorn, ; Fu, Chen, Xiao, He, & Xue, ; Hagen & Scriber, ; Ikten, Skoda, Hunt, Molina‐Ochoa, & Foster, ; Kim, Krafsur, Bailey, & Zhao, ; Kurahashi & Ohtaki, ; Lehmann, Margus, & Lindström, ; McCoy, Lloyd, & Bartlett, ; McWatters & Saunders, ; Pruisscher et al., ; Rockey, Hainze, & Scriber, ; Söderlind & Nylin, ; Xia, Chen, Tu, Yang, & Xue, ), with several reporting large sex‐linked effects (Chen et al., ; Fu et al., ; Hagen & Scriber, ; Ikten et al., ; Nylin, Wickman, & Wiklund, ; Pruisscher et al., ; Rockey et al., ). Studies on quantitative trait loci for CPP show that effect sizes can be highly variable depending on the genetic background of the crosses involved (Bradshaw, Emerson, Catchen, Cresko, & Holzapfel, ). Additionally, as diapause induction is a plastic threshold trait, inheritance patterns depend on the environmental conditions used for phenotyping (Pruisscher et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation underlying local adaptation of diapause induction along a cline in a butterfly

et al. 2018

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Diapause is a life history strategy allowing individuals to arrest development until favourable conditions return, and it is commonly induced by shortened day length that is latitude specific for local populations. Although understanding the evolutionary dynamics of a threshold trait like diapause induction provides insights into the adaptive process and adaptive potential of populations, the genetic mechanism of variation in photoperiodic induction of diapause is not well understood. Here, we investigate genetic variation underlying latitudinal variation in diapause induction and the selection dynamics acting upon it. Using a genomewide scan for divergent regions between two populations of the butterfly Pararge aegeria that differ strongly in their induction thresholds, we identified and investigated the patterns of variation in those regions. We then tested the association of these regions with diapause induction using between-population crosses, finding significant SNP associations in four genes present in two chromosomal regions, one with the gene period, and the other with the genes kinesin, carnitine O-acetyltransferase and timeless. Patterns of allele frequencies in these two regions in population samples along a latitudinal cline suggest strong selection against heterozygotes at two genes within these loci (period, timeless). Evidence for additional loci modifying the diapause decision was found in patterns of allelic change in relation to induction thresholds over the cline, as well as in backcross analyses. Taken together, population-specific adaptations of diapause induction appear to be due to a combination of alleles of larger and smaller effect size, consistent with an exponential distribution of effect sizes involved in local adaption.

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“…Accordingly, understanding the synchronization of growth and reproduction with permissive conditions and the physiological mechanisms that determine this synchrony has been an important focus of research on adaptive evolution. Through such studies, a general understanding has emerged of how life histories are shaped by environmental uncertainty (Childs et al, 2010;Cohen, 1970;Kingsolver, 1979), of environmental effects on growth and development (Amano et al, 2014;Powell et al, 2000;Taylor, 1981), and of the genetic architecture underlying seasonal timing (Bradshaw et al, 2012;Lair et al, 1997;Li et al, 2010;Schmidt et al, 2008). Similarly, the physiological mechanisms that regulate seasonal timing in animals and plants have been investigated, particularly endocrine mechanisms regulating dormant, overwintering life stages (diapause) in insects (Denlinger, 2002;Hahn and Denlinger, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergence of the diapause transcriptome in apple maggot flies: winter regulation and post-winter transcriptional repression

Meyers

Powell

Walden

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The duration of dormancy regulates seasonal timing in many organisms and may be modulated by day length and temperature. Though photoperiodic modulation has been well studied, temperature modulation of dormancy has received less attention. Here, we leverage genetic variation in diapause in the apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella, to test whether gene expression during winter or following spring warming regulates diapause duration. We used RNAseq to compare transcript abundance during and after simulated winter between an apple-infesting population and a hawthorn-infesting population where the apple population ends pupal diapause earlier than the hawthorn-infesting population. Marked differences in transcription between the two populations during winter suggests that the 'early' apple population is developmentally advanced compared with the 'late' hawthorn population prior to spring warming, with transcripts participating in growth and developmental processes relatively up-regulated in apple pupae during the winter cold period. Thus, regulatory differences during winter ultimately drive phenological differences that manifest themselves in the following summer. Expression and polymorphism analysis identify candidate genes in the Wnt and insulin signaling pathways that contribute to population differences in seasonality. Both populations remained in diapause and displayed a pattern of up-and then down-regulation (or vice versa) of growth-related transcripts following warming, consistent with transcriptional repression. The ability to repress growth stimulated by permissive temperatures is likely critical to avoid mismatched phenology and excessive metabolic demand. Compared with diapause studies in other insects, our results suggest some overlap in candidate genes/pathways, though the timing and direction of changes in transcription are likely species specific.

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Footprints in time: comparative quantitative trait loci mapping of the pitcher-plant mosquito,Wyeomyia smithii

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Replicate Phylogenies and Post-Glacial Range Expansion of the Pitcher-Plant Mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii, in North America

Replicate Phylogenies and Post-Glacial Range Expansion of the Pitcher-Plant Mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii, in North America

Genetic variation underlying local adaptation of diapause induction along a cline in a butterfly

Divergence of the diapause transcriptome in apple maggot flies: winter regulation and post-winter transcriptional repression

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