Foehn jets over the Larsen C Ice Shelf, Antarctica

Elvidge, Andrew D.; Renfrew, Ian A.; King, John C.; Orr, Andrew; Lachlan-Cope, Tom; Weeks, Mark; Gray, Suzanne L.

doi:10.1002/qj.2382

Cited by 105 publications

(244 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The isentropic drawdown of this warm air could therefore explain a large part of the foehn warming observed. In Antarctica, this type of foehn warming (nonlinear foehn event) has been observed on the east side of the AP (Elvidge et al 2015Cape et al 2015;Grosvenor et al 2014) and in the McMurdo dry valleys of EA (Speirs et al 2010;Steinhoff et al 2013Steinhoff et al , 2014. We cannot, however, ignore the contribution of the latent heating of precipitation.…”

Section: Atmospheric Process Responsible For Warm Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The summer warming of the AP over the last half of the 20th century, for example, is consistent with strengthened westerly marine air advection driven by changes in the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode (SAM) (e.g., Marshall et al 2006;Turner et al 2016). This warm westerly flow travels over mountain ranges on the AP, causing additional temperature increase by adiabatic warming as the air descends on the east side of the AP that is called a foehn warming (e.g., Elvidge et al 2015Cape et al 2015;Grosvenor et al 2014). The increase in poleward marine air advection is also known to have contributed to summer warming at Byrd Station through most of the late 1980s, though it can not solely explain long-term trends in West Antarctica (Bromwich et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Air Masses Responsible for Warm Events on the East Antarctic Coast

Kurita

Hirasawa

Koga

et al. 2016

SOLA

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Warm events, periods when rising surface air temperatures can trigger surface melt, have been recorded during the austral summer at Syowa station on the East Antarctic coast. This study identifies air masses responsible for summer warm events at Syowa. Air masses arriving at Syowa are classified into marine and glacial sources based on their isotopic characteristics. Warm events are not associated with moist marine air intrusion, but with the downward flow of dry glacial air along the west side slope of the mountains in Enderby Land (EL). We use simulations from the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) to explore the atmospheric process responsible for the warmest event at Syowa. The model output illustrates several foehn-associated features such as low-level blocking, precipitation on the mountain's windward side, and mountain wave activity, with warm air ascending on the upstream slope and descending to Syowa. The foehn warming is caused by an easterly cross-mountain flow associated with a low-pressure system to the north of the EL coast. Future changes in synoptic cyclonic activity off the EL coast may have a significant impact on the frequency and intensity of foehn events at Syowa and the associated coastal warm events.(Citation: Kurita, N., N. Hirasawa, S. Koga, J. Matsushita, H. C. Steen-Larsen, V. Masson-Delmotte, and Y. Fujiyoshi, 2016: Identification of air mass responsible for warm events on the East

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Section: Atmospheric Process Responsible For Warm Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Air Masses Responsible for Warm Events on the East Antarctic Coast

Kurita

Hirasawa

Koga

et al. 2016

SOLA

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“…For example, skillful model simulations of stable planetary boundary layers and tenuous polar clouds remain elusive (e.g., Sandu et al 2013;Bromwich et al 2013). The shallowness of stable planetary boundary layers, layering of low-level clouds, the smaller spatial scale of rotational systems (e.g., polar cyclones) due to the relatively small Rossby radius of deformation along with the presence of steep topographic features in Greenland and Antarctica all suggest that polar predictions will benefit from increased horizontal and vertical resolution (Jung and Rhines 2007;Renfrew et al 2009;Elvidge et al 2015). However, while some of the existing problems may be overcome by increased resolution accessible via the projected availability of supercomputing resources during the coming years, it is certain that the parameterizations of polar subgrid-scale processes will remain an important area of research for the foreseeable future (e.g., Holtslag et al 2013;Vihma et al 2014).…”

Section: How To Improve Polar Prediction Capacity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Polar Prediction Capabilities on Daily to Seasonal Time Scales

Jung

Gordon²,

Bauer

et al. 2016

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

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244

205

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The polar regions have been attracting more and more attention in recent years, fueled by the perceptible impacts of anthropogenic climate change. Polar climate change provides new opportunities, such as shorter shipping routes between Europe and East Asia, but also new risks such as the potential for industrial accidents or emergencies in ice-covered seas. Here, it is argued that environmental prediction systems for the polar regions are less developed than elsewhere. There are many reasons for this situation, including the polar regions being (historically) lower priority, with fewer in situ observations, and with numerous local physical processes that are less well represented by models. By contrasting the relative importance of different physical processes in polar and lower latitudes, the need for a dedicated polar prediction effort is illustrated. Research priorities are identified that will help to advance environmental polar prediction capabilities. Examples include an improvement of the polar observing system; the use of coupled atmosphere–sea ice–ocean models, even for short-term prediction; and insight into polar–lower-latitude linkages and their role for forecasting. Given the enormity of some of the challenges ahead, in a harsh and remote environment such as the polar regions, it is argued that rapid progress will only be possible with a coordinated international effort. More specifically, it is proposed to hold a Year of Polar Prediction (YOPP) from mid-2017 to mid-2019 in which the international research and operational forecasting communites will work together with stakeholders in a period of intensive observing, modeling, prediction, verification, user engagement, and educational activities.

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“…This indicates high variability in wind speed but low variability in wind direction. It is likely that, over the eastern AP slopes, variable barrier winds, in combination with synoptically forced foehn winds (Elvidge et al 2014), influence the wind strength over the slopes, which affects the magnitude of the wind but not its direction.…”

Section: A Seasonalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and Wind Climate of the Antarctic Peninsula as Simulated by a High-Resolution Regional Atmospheric Climate Model

et al. 2015

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. ABSTRACTThe latest polar version of the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RACMO2.3) has been applied to the Antarctic Peninsula (AP). In this study, the authors present results of a climate run at 5.5 km for the period 1979-2013, in which RACMO2.3 is forced by ERA-Interim atmospheric and ocean surface fields, using an updated AP surface topography. The model results are evaluated with near-surface temperature and wind measurements from 12 manned and automatic weather stations and vertical profiles from balloon soundings made at three stations. The seasonal cycle of near-surface temperature and wind is simulated well, with most biases still related to the limited model resolution. High-resolution climate maps of temperature and wind showing that the AP climate exhibits large spatial variability are discussed. Over the steep and high mountains of the northern AP, large west-to-east climate gradients exist, while over the gentle southern AP mountains the near-surface climate is dominated by katabatic winds. Over the flat ice shelves, where katabatic wind forcing is weak, interannual variability in temperature is largest. Finally, decadal trends of temperature and wind are presented, and it is shown that recently there has been distinct warming over the northwestern AP and cooling over the rest of the AP, related to changes in sea ice cover.

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Foehn jets over the Larsen C Ice Shelf, Antarctica

Cited by 105 publications

References 52 publications

Identification of Air Masses Responsible for Warm Events on the East Antarctic Coast

Identification of Air Masses Responsible for Warm Events on the East Antarctic Coast

Advancing Polar Prediction Capabilities on Daily to Seasonal Time Scales

Temperature and Wind Climate of the Antarctic Peninsula as Simulated by a High-Resolution Regional Atmospheric Climate Model

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