Fluorescence polarization as a tool for the detection of a widely used herbicide, butachlor, in polluted waters

Abstract

A rapid and highly specific fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) was developed for the detection of a widely used herbicide in rice cultivation, butachlor, in various polluted water samples. Three fluorescent tracers with different spacer arms and structures were synthesized to enhance the FPIA sensitivity. The effects of different fluorescent tracer structure and organic solvent concentration on the performance of the FPIA were investigated. The results showed that the fluorescent tracer 3-( 2) demonstrated the best FPIA sensitivity at pH 8.0, which remained at up to 20% methanol in a tolerance study. The IC 50 (50% inhibition concentration) of the FPIA was 207.0 ng mL À1 with the detection of butachlor ranging from 32.0 to 1218.0 ng mL À1 (at 20%-80% inhibition concentration), and the limit of detection (at 10% inhibition concentration) was 11.0 ng mL À1 . Recoveries, measured in spiked water samples, ranged from 75.1% to 134.5%. This newly developed FPIA was characterized by high specificity and reproducibility, allowing a rapid, low-cost, and sensitive determination of butachlor in polluted waters.

Rapid and homologous immunoassay for the detection of herbicide propisochlor in water

“…However, the intensive use of herbicides has resulted in serious pollution of agricultural products, soil resources, especially water resources, which pollute the whole ecological system, and possibly leads to a serious threat to the safety of the water resources (Brender & Weyer, 2016;Cruzeiro, Rocha, Pardal, & Rocha, 2016;Lei et al, 2011). In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to herbicide residue in water samples worldwide (Feng, Yu, Liu, Liu, & Sun, 2015;Lu, Peterson, Gooding, & Lee, 2012;Oberleitner et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2011).…”

Heterologous strategy enhancing the sensitivity of the fluorescence polarization immunoassay of clinafloxacin in goat milk

“…Herein, δmP means the difference between the maximal and minimal fluorescence polarization signals. Lower IC 50 values and higher values of δ mP and δmP/IC 50 indicate a more sensitive assay …”

“…50 µL clinafloxacin standard solution was mixed with 500 µL tracer‐diluted solution, and 500 µL of the diluted antibody was used to construct a series of calibration curves for the selection of the optimal antibody dilution according to three parameters ( δ mP, IC 50 and δ mP/IC 50 ) …”

Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Determination of Enrofloxacin in Pork Liver and Chicken

“…The development of an immunoassay with good analytical properties mainly depends on the design of appropriate hapten and the selection of a conjugation site to the carrier, in order to induce available antibodies [23,24]. For the preparation of artificial antigen, the carbonyl group of enrofloxacin was coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the resulting enrofloxacin-BSA immunogen was confirmed by using UV spectroscopy (Figure 1).…”