Fluctuations in prey density: effects on the foraging tactics of scolopendrid centipedes

Formanowicz, Daniel R.; Bradley, Patrick

doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(87)80270-1

Cited by 46 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Earthworms were found to be positively associated with herbaceous cover, nega-tively associated with conifer cover, and positively associated with soil moisture. The major food items of centipedes are earthworms and small arthropods (Formanowicz and Bradley 1987). Although centipedes have been found to prefer moist habitats (Corey and Stout 1992), such as under logs, no significant relationships were found with the forest characteristics measured in this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Invertebrate Diversity under Artificial Cover in Relation to Boreal Forest Habitat Characteristics

Ferguson

Berube

2004

Can Field Nat

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. 2004. Invertebrate diversity under artificial cover in relation to boreal forest habitat characteristics. Canadian Field-Naturalist 118(3): 386-392We investigated invertebrate diversity in boreal forests using an experimental design that consisted of counting soil invertebrates under artificial cover. The aim was to assess the utility of using soil invertebrate diversity as a measure of ecosystem health. The study area was grouped into five habitats: upland hardwood, lowland hardwood, conifer, shrub, and conifergrass. Simpson's and Shannon's indices of invertebrate diversity were negatively correlated with percent herbaceous cover. Number of recognizable taxonomic units (RTU richness) was negatively correlated with percent litter cover. The number of individual invertebrates was positively correlated with soil moisture and negatively correlated with percent conifer cover. Invertebrate diversity varied among habitat types, with conifer forests (spruce, fir, pine) having the highest diversity and regenerating conifer-grass forests having the lowest diversity, suggesting that successional stages affect diversity. The most productive sites, upland and lowland hardwood habitats, had the highest abundance of soil invertebrates, although intermediate diversity compared to the other five habitats. The results are consistent with the view that diversity increases and then decreases with productivity and disturbance over succession (ca. 50-100 yr). Hence, maintenance of soil invertebrate diversity in managed boreal forests requires the provision of a varied landscape with a mosaic of disturbance regimes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Invertebrate Diversity under Artificial Cover in Relation to Boreal Forest Habitat Characteristics

Ferguson

Berube

2004

Can Field Nat

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“…This behavioral switch in activity may be comparable to the switch of many invertebrates from a sit-and-wait ambush foraging mode at high prey densities to an active search mode at low prey densities or with increasing food deprivation (e.g., Ford 1978;Griffiths 1980;Johnson and Crowley 1980;Formanowicz 1982;Formanowicz et al 1982;Inoue and Matsura 1983;Formanowicz and Bradley 1987;Wagner and Wise 1997). Helfman (1990) recognizes the similarity between these situations and optimal diet-selection models that predict a decline in prey selectivity as hunger increases (e.g., Krebs and McCleery 1984).…”

Section: Pattern Of Movementmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Food limitation and the activity level of individuals are positively related in a number of animal taxa (see Helfman 1990; Werner and Anholt 1993 for reviews). In particular, predatory arthropods are known to switch from a sit-and-wait ambush mode at high prey densities to an active search mode at low prey densities or with increasing food deprivation (e.g., Ford 1978;Griffiths 1980;Johnson and Crowley 1980;Formanowicz 1982;Formanowicz et al 1982;Inoue and Matsura 1983;Formanowicz and Bradley 1987;Wagner and Wise 1997). In addition to moving greater distances per day, recently matured adult female D. triton respond faster and attack distant prey at a higher frequency than even large penultimate juvenile females (Kreiter 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prey availability limits fecundity and influences the movement pattern of female fishing spiders

Kreiter

Wise

2001

Oecologia

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We conducted a food supplementation field experiment to test two hypotheses: (1) fecundity of the fishing spider Dolomedes triton is limited by a shortage of prey, and (2) the increased movement of adult female D. triton exhibited upon maturation is a foraging adaptation to lessen the impact of food limitation on egg production. Free ranging, uniquely marked adult female fishing spiders were assigned either to a food-supplemented group that received crickets in addition to their natural diet, or to a control group. Juvenile female spiders were also marked and their movement patterns were recorded, but juveniles were not offered supplemental food. Food-supplemented adult females gained weight at a faster rate and hatched more than twice as many offspring as control females. Adult females in the control group moved greater distances per day than did juvenile females. Supplemented adult females moved shorter distances per day than control females, and the movement pattern of fed adults did not differ from that of juveniles. These results support the hypotheses that adult female D. triton are food limited, and that the increased movement of adult females is a switch in foraging behavior that occurs during the reproductive period. Our finding that natural prey shortages limit egg production contrasts with laboratory-based studies of food limitation in the genus Dolomedes, and contradicts a basic assumption of a recent hypothesis that sexual cannibalism in Dolomedes is non-adaptive. These discrepancies highlight the importance of insights gained from field experiments with natural populations.

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“…This can be accomplished by adjusting the allocation of time to either pausing or moving (O'Brien et al, 1990). This ability has been demonstrated for a number of species of insects, Wsh, birds, and lizards (Akre and Johnson, 1979;Formanowicz and Bradley, 1987;Inoue and Matsura, 1983;O'Brien et al, 1990).…”

Section: Foraging Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Behavioral ecology of entomopathogenic nematodes

Campbell²,

et al. 2006

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We discuss the behavior and ecology of entomopathogenic nematodes in relation to their successes and failures as biological control agents. Four categories of studies have been reviewed herein; infective juvenile foraging strategies, recognition and evaluation of the host by infective juveniles, the actual behaviors of infective juveniles that result in infection, and the protective role of the symbiotic bacteria during nematode reproduction in the cadaver. This constitutes a chronological order of events. Two challenges are suggested. First, the data on entomopathogenic nematode behavioral ecology, while very extensive for some species, are almost completely lacking for most described species. We need to approach future studies paying more attention to phylogenetic origins of the traits that we study. Second, there is little consensus on exactly what are the traits that are worth studying. By reviewing and synthesizing current work, we make some suggestions about where future research should be directed.

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Fluctuations in prey density: effects on the foraging tactics of scolopendrid centipedes

Cited by 46 publications

References 25 publications

Invertebrate Diversity under Artificial Cover in Relation to Boreal Forest Habitat Characteristics

Invertebrate Diversity under Artificial Cover in Relation to Boreal Forest Habitat Characteristics

Prey availability limits fecundity and influences the movement pattern of female fishing spiders

Behavioral ecology of entomopathogenic nematodes

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