Flow Control Methods and Devices in Micrometer Scale Channels

Shoji, Shuichi; Kawai, Kentaro

doi:10.1007/128_2011_146

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…These approaches include preparative scale (FACS)-sorting 88 and the recently developed use of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) chips 89 in combination with a FACS-based detection system. In both cases, cells can be labeled with multiple markers, allowing for the isolation of well-defined T cell subsets at high purity.…”

Section: Preparative Facs-sorting and Microfluidic Chipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorting Through Subsets

Klebanoff

Gattinoni

Restifo

2012

Journal of Immunotherapy

234

113

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CD8+ T cells have been described as being naïve (TN) or one of four antigen-experienced subtypes representing a continuum of differentiation and maturation: stem cell memory (TSCM), central memory (TCM), effector memory (TEM), and terminally differentiated effector T cells (TEFF). In mice, adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of less differentiated TN, TSCM and TCM subsets have consistently demonstrated superior in vivo expansion, persistence, and antitumor capacities relative to the more differentiated TEM and TEFF cells. Retrospective analyses from human ACT trials have confirmed that transfer of less differentiated T cell subsets is highly correlated with objective clinical responses. These findings, combined with the recent ability to convey de novo antigen reactivity with high efficiency through genetic engineering of exogenous T cell or chimeric antigen receptors, now challenge the field with three important questions: 1) how should less differentiated T cell subsets be isolated for human clinical trials?; 2) what is the best means of expanding T cells ex vivo in such a way as to not corrupt the beneficial traits of the younger subsets?; and 3) is it necessary to physically separate younger subsets from their more differentiated counterparts? Answering these questions will allow for the rational development of the next generation of highly effective and potentially curative T cell therapies for the treatment of cancer.

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Section: Preparative Facs-sorting and Microfluidic Chipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorting Through Subsets

Klebanoff

Gattinoni

Restifo

2012

Journal of Immunotherapy

234

113

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“…3D-focusing microfluidic devices are less common and structurally complex. They are difficult to fabricate using traditional Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), requiring several lithography and molding cycles [272]. Our device requires channels approximately 1x1 mm, but very few PDMS devices have been made with such large dimensions due to time and expense constraints.…”

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

High frequency photoacoustic characterization of single cells

Strohm¹

2021

Preprint

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This dissertation presents the first photoacoustic study of single cells using ultra-high frequencies (UHF, over 100 MHz). At these frequencies, unique features occur in the photoacoustic signal spectrum which depend on the cell size, morphology and structure. A finite element model (FEM) was developed to simulate the photoacoustic signals from ideal spherical droplets containing a perfluorocarbon liquid and optically absorbing nanoparticles. The model was applied to droplets in suspension and on a boundary to examine how the photoacoustic spectrum varies with droplet size and configuration, and compared to measurements using a 375 MHz transducer. Good agreement in the spectral features between the measured values and the FEM and analytical solution were observed. For the droplet on a boundary, additional spectral features were observed there were correctly predicted by the FEM, but not the analytical solution. The FEM could be applied to situations where the analytical model cannot be used, such as the asymmetric shape of red blood cells (RBCs). Measurements of single RBCs were then compared to the FEM. The frequency location of the spectral minima shifted to higher frequencies as the RBC rotated from a vertical to horizontal orientation. The spectral minima shifted to lower frequencies as the RBC swelled from the normal biconcave shape to a spherical morphology. Healthy RBCs were differentiated from spherocytes, echinocytes and swollen RBCs using changes in the photoacoustic spectrum (p<0.001). These results suggest that the photoacoustic spectrum can be used to classify RBCs according to their shape and pathology. Classification of cells using the photoacoustic spectral features was applied to measurements of blood cells and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) such as melanoma and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Measurements of 89 cells showed that variations in the spectrum and signal amplitude could be used to identify and differentiate melanoma and AML cells from RBCs, thus identifying foreign cells in the bloodstream. This dissertation investigates how UHF photoacoustics can be used to identify and classify cells and particles in a sample using their photoacoustic spectra, with the end goal of using these methods to identify cell pathology and detect CTCs clinically.

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“…Among these valves, the pneumatically controlled valve has been applied in many types of devices because of its simplicity of fabrication and the possibility of multiple-valve manipulation [4,7]. However, the operation of the pneumatic valve is controlled by an off-chip solenoid valve, and the large-scale integration of microvalves requires the same numbers of off-chip control solenoid valves and world-to-chip connectors [13]. We have developed flow control systems that have one input and two to five outputs thermoreversible gelation of hydrogel with infrared (IR) laser-induced local heating [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Channel Selector for Directing Fluid Flow Using Thermoreversible Gelation Controlled by a Digital Mirror Device

et al. 2013

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An integrated channel selector system employing thermoreversible gelation of a polymer was developed. Here, we show a system with3×3arrayed microchannels having nine crossing points. Infrared laser irradiation was used to form gel areas at several crossing points in arranging a flow path from the inlet to one of the nine outlets passing through certain junctions and channels. The multipoint irradiation by the infrared laser was realized using a personal-computer-controlled digital mirror device. The system was demonstrated to be able to direct flow to all nine outlets. Finally, we achieved to produce flexible paths for flowing particles including side trips.

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Flow Control Methods and Devices in Micrometer Scale Channels

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Sorting Through Subsets

Sorting Through Subsets

High frequency photoacoustic characterization of single cells

Integrated Channel Selector for Directing Fluid Flow Using Thermoreversible Gelation Controlled by a Digital Mirror Device

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