Abstract:Resumo No final da década de 1960, pesquisadores do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) iniciaram as coletas botânicas na Serra dos Carajás, resultando em um expressivo acervo e interessantes descobertas sobre a flora local, marcada por endemismos e pressão por atividades mineradoras. Em 2014, foi estabelecido o projeto "Flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajás" através da cooperação entre o MPEG e o Instituto Tecnológico Vale de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ITVDS), visando especialmente a elaboração da flora das… Show more
“…Fires are common. Thus, low nutrients, heat, openness, drought prone and toxic metal rich conditions in combination with the insular isolation resulted in highly specialized Canga plant communities composed of more than 500 plant species 9, 10 .Figure 1( a ) Map of the Carajás National Forest. Forest boundary is indicated with the purple line.…”
Amazon comprises a vast variety of ecosystems, including savannah-like Canga barrens that evolved on iron-lateritic rock plateaus of the Carajás Mountain range. Individual Cangas are enclosed by the rain forest, indicating insular isolation that enables speciation and plant community differentiation. To establish a framework for the research on natural history and conservation management of endemic Canga species, seven chloroplast DNA loci and an ITS2 nuclear DNA locus were used to study natural molecular variation of the red flowered Ipomoea cavalcantei and the lilac flowered I. marabaensis. Partitioning of the nuclear and chloroplast gene alleles strongly suggested that the species share the most recent common ancestor, pointing a new independent event of the red flower origin in the genus. Chloroplast gene allele analysis showed strong genetic differentiation between Canga populations, implying a limited role of seed dispersal in exchange of individuals between Cangas. Closed haplotype network topology indicated a requirement for the paternal inheritance in generation of cytoplasmic genetic variation. Tenfold higher nucleotide diversity in the nuclear ITS2 sequences distinguished I. cavalcantei from I. marabaensis, implying a different pace of evolutionary changes. Thus, Canga ecosystems offer powerful venues for the study of speciation, multitrait adaptation and the origins of genetic variation.
“…Fires are common. Thus, low nutrients, heat, openness, drought prone and toxic metal rich conditions in combination with the insular isolation resulted in highly specialized Canga plant communities composed of more than 500 plant species 9, 10 .Figure 1( a ) Map of the Carajás National Forest. Forest boundary is indicated with the purple line.…”
Amazon comprises a vast variety of ecosystems, including savannah-like Canga barrens that evolved on iron-lateritic rock plateaus of the Carajás Mountain range. Individual Cangas are enclosed by the rain forest, indicating insular isolation that enables speciation and plant community differentiation. To establish a framework for the research on natural history and conservation management of endemic Canga species, seven chloroplast DNA loci and an ITS2 nuclear DNA locus were used to study natural molecular variation of the red flowered Ipomoea cavalcantei and the lilac flowered I. marabaensis. Partitioning of the nuclear and chloroplast gene alleles strongly suggested that the species share the most recent common ancestor, pointing a new independent event of the red flower origin in the genus. Chloroplast gene allele analysis showed strong genetic differentiation between Canga populations, implying a limited role of seed dispersal in exchange of individuals between Cangas. Closed haplotype network topology indicated a requirement for the paternal inheritance in generation of cytoplasmic genetic variation. Tenfold higher nucleotide diversity in the nuclear ITS2 sequences distinguished I. cavalcantei from I. marabaensis, implying a different pace of evolutionary changes. Thus, Canga ecosystems offer powerful venues for the study of speciation, multitrait adaptation and the origins of genetic variation.
“…The main goal of those visits was to inventory plants for the “Flora of the canga of the Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil” (Viana et al 2016). …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Described as restricted to the Brazilian Amazon, D.filipedunculata is only known from the Serra dos Carajás (Nevling and Barringer 1993; Mota and Giulietti 2016). In the protologue, the specimens of D.filipedunculata were noted to occur in the ecotone between ombrophilous forest and canga , a type of vegetation that grows over iron-rich or ferruginous outcrops on the Serra dos Carajás plateau, which contains a mosaic of mostly open vegetation types (Viana et al 2016). Considered rare, this species was previously recorded only by staminate individuals.…”
The results of intensive fieldwork in the National Forest of Carajás (FLONA Carajás) led to the discovery of pistillate plants of Daphnopsisfilipedunculata, an endemic species from the Serra dos Carajás, previously known only from staminate individuals. These newly discovered populations add valuable missing information related to pistillate buds, mature flowers and fruits.
“…A Floresta Nacional de Carajás (FNC) contém uma série de serras recortadas com elevações entre 500 e 900m e circundadas por floresta Amazônica (Viana et al 2016). Os platôs dessas serras são cobertos por afloramentos ferruginosos e são compostos por um mosaico de fitofisionomias predominantemente abertas e associadas ao substrato rochoso (Viana et al 2016). Esse tipo de vegetação sobre rochas ferruginosas foi denominado 'canga' (Rizzini 1979…”
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