Flash sintering of zircon: rapid consolidation of an ultrahigh bandgap ceramic

Martínez, Juan Manuel; Biesuz, Mattia; Dong, Jin‐Yong; Gauna, M.R.; Suárez, Gustavo; Sglavo, Vincenzo M.; Lin, Hua‐Tay; Grasso, Salvatore; Rendtorff, Nicolás M.

doi:10.1080/21870764.2020.1869882

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…11,12 Compared with the conventional method, flash sintering can sinter certain kinds of ceramics in an extremely short time at relatively low furnace temperatures with the assistance of applied electric field. In the past years, this technique has been successfully used in the preparation of a range of ceramic materials, including structural ceramics, 13,14 solid oxide fuel cell materials, 15 ferroelectric materials, 16,17 and composites. [18][19][20] In our previous work, we successfully applied flash sintering in preparing LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 cathode materials for LIB for the first time, which lowered the synthesis temperature and shortened the holding time of preparing such cathode materials.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid synthesis of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ as lithium‐ion battery anode by reactive flash sintering

et al. 2021

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In this work spinel Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) was successfully synthesized via flash sintering technique at a furnace temperature of 580°C within only 5 min for the first time. Phase evolution, microstructures, and electrochemical properties were investigated and compared with conventionally synthesized LTO. The flash sintered LTO shows good crystallinity, high purity, and small particle size. More importantly, it suggests that the flash sintering process could help inhibit lithium volatilization and control the particle size, which is vital to the improvement of the lithium‐ion diffusion process and battery performance. Compared with the conventionally synthesized samples, the flash sintered LTO exhibits higher specific capacities, better cycling stabilities, and rate capabilities. Therefore, flash sintering shows potentials in improving the electrochemical performance of anode materials, and thus suggests an efficient strategy for rapid synthesis of high‐performance anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid synthesis of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ as lithium‐ion battery anode by reactive flash sintering

et al. 2021

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“…Flash sintering has been shown to apply widely 11 to oxide ceramics, [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] non-oxide ceramics, [22][23][24][25][26][27] and, most recently, to metals. 28 The flash effect is seen in single crystals as well, which suggests that it is a bulk and not a grain boundary phenomenon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flash‐induced defects in single‐crystal 8YSZ characterized by TEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy

Jo,

Kindelmann,

Jennings

et al. 2024

J Am Ceram Soc.

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We present direct evidence, for the first time, for the flash‐induced generation of crystal defects in single‐crystal cubic zirconia. The defects are characterized by multiple techniques. The crystals were flashed and then cooled down to ambient temperature in Ar atmosphere to preserve the electronic conductivity from the steady state of flash. Transmission electron microscopy revealed colonies of defects. The crystal structure, the non‐stoichiometry, and the electronic structure of oxygen ions within these colonies were characterized. They consist of oxygen‐depleted compositions. Selected area electron diffraction revealed the structure of these zirconia suboxides to be epitaxially coherent with the parent cubic structure but with a smaller lattice parameter. Electron energy loss spectroscopy spectra showed the peak near 25 mV to shift toward metallic zirconium. The electronic conductivity of the flashed cubic zirconia is attributed to this suboxide phase. The phase also gave rise to new peaks in Raman spectroscopy. A surprising finding was the presence of a distinct, ∼30 nm thick layer of the suboxide on the surface of the crystal. The surface layer showed a high degree of oxygen deficiency. It was also epitaxial, but with an even smaller lattice parameter than the defect colonies underneath the surface. Mechanical polishing of the crystal to remove this surface layer gave a broad view of the interconnected network of defects across the entire specimen; the length scale of this network was about 0.2 mm. Recent work, where an overlay of a magnetic field caused the flash to migrate from a flashing surface into a free‐standing workpiece, suggests the presence of evanescent plasma, which may have a connection to this surface layer.

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“…Zircon (zirconium silicate, ZrSiO 4 ) was widely applied in the fields of refractory and ceramics because of its excellent properties, including good chemical stability, low coefficient of thermal expansion, low thermal conductivity, and high melting point. [1][2][3][4] Particularly, it was considered a candidate ceramic waste form for the immobilization of high-level radioactive waste due to its excellent ability to host actinides and simulated actinides, good chemical and radiation stability. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Therefore, it is necessary to study the preparation of ZrSiO 4 and explore its formation affected by the sintering condition when the simple solid-state sintering method is used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of sintering atmosphere on the formation of ZrSiO₄ by solid‐state sintering method

Dan,

Li,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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Exploring the influence of sintering atmosphere on the formation of ZrSiO4 is of great significance. Herein, ZrSiO4 ceramics were prepared by the solid‐state reactive sintering method under different atmospheres (air, N2, vacuum, and Ar + 5%H2). The influence of sintering atmosphere on the phase and microstructure evolutions of the obtained ceramics was investigated. It was found that ZrSiO4 ceramics could be prepared under air atmosphere, whereas ZrO2–SiO2 glass ceramics were obtained under N2, vacuum, and Ar + 5%H2 atmosphere, which may be due to the fact that the oxygen‐deficient environment inhibits the transformation of ZrO2 to tetragonal phase (t‐ZrO2) and the crystallization of amorphous SiO2. The results demonstrated that t‐ZrO2 and c‐SiO2 were beneficial for the formation of ZrSiO4. The ZrSiO4 conversion fraction was up to 96.16% under air atmosphere at 1450°C for 6 h. Furthermore, the predominant formation mechanism of ZrSiO4 was the reaction between t‐ZrO2 and c‐SiO2.

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Flash sintering of zircon: rapid consolidation of an ultrahigh bandgap ceramic

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Rapid synthesis of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ as lithium‐ion battery anode by reactive flash sintering

Rapid synthesis of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ as lithium‐ion battery anode by reactive flash sintering

Flash‐induced defects in single‐crystal 8YSZ characterized by TEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy

Influence of sintering atmosphere on the formation of ZrSiO₄ by solid‐state sintering method

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Flash sintering of zircon: rapid consolidation of an ultrahigh bandgap ceramic

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Rapid synthesis of Li4Ti5O12 as lithium‐ion battery anode by reactive flash sintering

Rapid synthesis of Li4Ti5O12 as lithium‐ion battery anode by reactive flash sintering

Flash‐induced defects in single‐crystal 8YSZ characterized by TEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy

Influence of sintering atmosphere on the formation of ZrSiO4 by solid‐state sintering method

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Product

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Rapid synthesis of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ as lithium‐ion battery anode by reactive flash sintering

Rapid synthesis of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ as lithium‐ion battery anode by reactive flash sintering

Influence of sintering atmosphere on the formation of ZrSiO₄ by solid‐state sintering method