Flash sintering of cationic conductive ceramics: A way to build multilayer systems

Abstract

Flash Sintering (FS), that allows densifying ceramics at low furnace temperature in a few seconds, requires a reversible electrochemical reaction to enable the current flow through the electrode / material interface. For Li + pure ionic conductors such as Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 (LATP), the best material to ensure this fast charge transfer reaction is a mixed Li + /e − conductor, eg, LiCoO 2 (LCO). This paper demonstrates the feasibility of FS on LCO between two Pt electrodes and on multi-layers systems using LCO or LATP+LCO composite as electrodes. It is shown that a composite electrode both allows the flash event to occur and prevents the delamination possibly observed with pure LCO by lowering interfacial stresses.

Flash Sintering Research Perspective: A Bibliometric Analysis

“…Figure 4b also reveals that another important body of work in FS is dedicated to the sintering of materials with technological interest, which development is being hampered by the high temperatures required or other kinds of difficulties in their processing such as the volatilization of some of their components. That is the case of different sodium and lithium ion conductive ceramics for solid-state batteries [67,107], the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic potassium sodium niobate [70,73], or ZnO-Bi 2 O 3 -based varistor ceramics [108][109][110]. We expect that this trend will probably be maintained during the next few years.…”

Ultrafast crystallization and sintering of Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 glass through flash sinter‐crystallization

“…Glass powder cylindrical samples with 5-mm height and 6.2-mm diameter were formed by uniaxial pressing at 250 MPa in a steel die. Commercial conductive silver paste (Sigma-Aldrich, 735825-25G) was applied on both flat surfaces of the pellets to improve its electrical contact and to allow the reversible electrochemical reaction between the ionic conductor (LATP) and the electrodes (electronic conductors), as previously reported by Caliman et al 37 and Lachal et al 38…”