Flame synthesis of Fe catalyzed single-walled carbon nanotubes and Ni catalyzed nanofibers: growth mechanisms and consequences

Wal, Randy L. Vander; Hall, Lee J.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2614(01)01198-8

Cited by 52 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Another effect when an ethanol fraction was enlarged was that CO amounts in the exhaust was increased as indicated in Figure 5 (a). It has been reported in some preceding reports that CO has been utilized as a feedstock (Nikolaev et al, 1999;Vander Wal and Hall, 2001;Tian et al, 2011) or one of the main precursors (Li et al, 2009;Unrau and Axelbaum, 2010;Sugime and Noda, 2012) for CNT formation. Therefore, it may be reasonable to consider that a combustion temperature and/or higher CO amounts would be more essential reason for increasing CNT number when the ethanol fraction was enlarged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube through a Diesel Engine Using Normal Dodecane/Ethanol Mixing Fuel as a Feedstock

Suzuki

Mori

2017

J. Chem. Eng. Japan / JCEJ

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Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) was synthesized through ame in a diesel engine, in which normal dodecane/ ethanol mixing fuel was employed as carbon and heat sources instead of gas oil. Ferrocene was used as a oating catalyst for MWNT formation and additives such as sulfur and molybdenum were employed as a promoter of MWNT formation. Mean adiabatic combustion temperatures of various experimental conditions were evaluated by measuring CO and CO 2 amounts in the exhaust gas and carrying out a mass and heat balance at the inlet and outlet of an engine. These measurements revealed that not only a mean adiabatic combustion temperature but also CO amount during combustion may play a signi cant role in synthesizing CNT in a diesel engine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube through a Diesel Engine Using Normal Dodecane/Ethanol Mixing Fuel as a Feedstock

Suzuki

Mori

2017

J. Chem. Eng. Japan / JCEJ

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“…They reported that the use of the higher alkanes in higher flow rates favored http://carbonlett.org scalable method for the production of high-purity CNTs, a systematic investigation of the parameters that affect CNT production was still to be done. Subsequently, Vander Wal et al [52,[78][79][80][81][82][83][84] conducted some detailed studies of CNTs synthesis in premixed hydrocarbon flames. In their studies, a McKenna burner was used with a stainless steel chimney at the top of the central fuel tube to stabilize the pyrolysis steam and collect the yield.…”

Section: Premixed Flame Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes synthesis using diffusion and premixed flame methods: a review

Mittal¹,

Dhand²,

Rhee³

et al. 2015

Carbon letters

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In recent years, flame synthesis has absorbed a great deal of attention as a combustion method for the production of metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and other related carbon nanostructures, over the existing conventional methods. Flame synthesis is an energyefficient, scalable, cost-effective, rapid and continuous process, where flame provides the necessary chemical species for the nucleation of carbon structures (feed stock or precursor) and the energy for the production of carbon nanostructures. The production yield can be optimized by altering various parameters such as fuel profile, equivalence ratio, catalyst chemistry and structure, burner configuration and residence time. In the present report, diffusion and premixed flame synthesis methods are reviewed to develop a better understanding of factors affecting the morphology, positioning, purity, uniformity and scalability for the development of carbon nanotubes along with their correlated carbonaceous derivative nanostructures.

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“…C 2 H 2 and CO exhibit preferential activity towards certain catalysts. Comparative studies between these two gaseous precursors Vander Wal & Hall, 2001) in pyrolysis flames indicated that CO reacts with Fe based catalyst through carbide formation whereas C 2 H 2 is active towards Ni based catalysts. Particle size plays a critical role towards determining the catalytic activity.…”

Section: Gas Phase Precursors: Co and C 2 Hmentioning

confidence: 99%