Fish oil in the treatment of dyslipidemia

Goldberg, Ronald; Sabharwal, Anup

doi:10.1097/med.0b013e3282f76728

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Other studies using this mouse model also found that the plasma cholesterol levels depends on the lipid composition in the diet [11], [25]. The molecular mechanisms for LC n-3 PUFAs effects on lipid homeostasis and atherosclerosis in these mice have been suggested to involve reduced vascular inflammatory response [25] or an impaired clearance of circulating lipoproteins [26]. Decreased plasma VLDL levels was associated with reduced atherosclerosis in the Ldlr −/− mouse [27], which would support the latter hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Identifying Molecular Effects of Diet through Systems Biology: Influence of Herring Diet on Sterol Metabolism and Protein Turnover in Mice

et al. 2010

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BackgroundChanges in lifestyle have resulted in an epidemic development of obesity-related diseases that challenge the healthcare systems worldwide. To develop strategies to tackle this problem the focus is on diet to prevent the development of obesity-associated diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). This will require methods for linking nutrient intake with specific metabolic processes in different tissues.Methodology/Principal FindingLow-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr −/−) mice were fed a high fat/high sugar diet to mimic a westernized diet, being a major reason for development of obesity and atherosclerosis. The diets were supplemented with either beef or herring, and matched in macronutrient contents. Body composition, plasma lipids and aortic lesion areas were measured. Transcriptomes of metabolically important tissues, e.g. liver, muscle and adipose tissue were analyzed by an integrated approach with metabolic networks to directly map the metabolic effects of diet in these different tissues. Our analysis revealed a reduction in sterol metabolism and protein turnover at the transcriptional level in herring-fed mice.ConclusionThis study shows that an integrated analysis of transcriptome data using metabolic networks resulted in the identification of signature pathways. This could not have been achieved using standard clustering methods. In particular, this systems biology analysis could enrich the information content of biomedical or nutritional data where subtle changes in several tissues together affects body metabolism or disease progression. This could be applied to improve diets for subjects exposed to health risks associated with obesity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Identifying Molecular Effects of Diet through Systems Biology: Influence of Herring Diet on Sterol Metabolism and Protein Turnover in Mice

et al. 2010

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“…171 There are as yet no published studies examining statin effects on vascular health (PWV or cIMT) in children or adolescents with CDO. Omega-3 fish oil therapy has been shown to be safe in adults, with some trials reporting that TG levels decreased by as much as 30% to 45%, with significant associated increases in HDL-C. 172 However, more recent reports have not shown a conclusive benefit of fish oil treatment. [173][174][175] Two recently published randomized controlled trials of omega-3 fish oil in adolescents showed a minimal decrease in TG levels but no change in LDL particle number or size, suggesting no significant benefit of fish oil treatment in children with CDO.…”

Section: Medication Therapy For Cdomentioning

confidence: 98%

Combined dyslipidemia in childhood

Kavey

2015

Journal of Clinical Lipidology

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“…Administration of fish oils rich in PUFAs either alone or as an adjunct therapy with statin administration is an effective therapy for dyslipidemia associated with type 2 diabetes [21, 42]. EPA and DHA are the major PUFAs contained in fish oils.…”

Section: Disscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…N-3 PUFA have been shown to reduce lipogenic enzyme expression via down-regulation of SREBP-1c in rodent hyperinsulinemic models [17–19]. These data form the basis for use of n-3 PUFA supplements in treating hypertriglyceridemia associated with human states of hyperinsulinemia, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus [20, 21]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress insulin-induced SREBP-1c transcription via reduced trans-activating capacity of LXRα

Howell

Deng

Yellaturu

et al. 2009

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

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Insulin coordinately up-regulates lipogenic gene transcription via induction of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c . Conversely, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decrease lipogenic gene transcription via suppression of SREBP-1c. We therefore examined the ability of n-3 PUFA to mitigate induction of SREBP-1c and its downstream lipogenic targets by insulin in primary rat hepatocyte cultures. Insulin induced expression of SREBP-1c mRNA 5-6 fold as well as rat SREBP-1c promoter activity. These effects were prevented by the n-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3; EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3, DHA), but not by the monounsaturated fatty acid oleic acid (18:1 n-6, OLA). N-3 fatty acids also effectively prevented insulin induction of the downstream lipogenic enzyme targets fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl carboxyl coenzyme acetyltransferase-1 (ACC-1), and reduced de novo lipogenesis. The SREBP-1c promoter contains an insulin response unit consisting of tandem LXRα response elements (LXREs) as well as sites for NF-Y, Sp1, and SREBP-1c itself. The LXREs were identified as a primary site mediating suppression of SREBP-1c transcription by n-3 PUFA. DHA effectively prevented LXRα-dependent activation of both the wild type SREBP-1c promoter and the synthetic LXRE-driven promoter, and significantly blunted LXRα-dependent activation of a Gal4-LXRα chimeric protein thus demonstrating that n-3 PUFA effectively mitigate induction of SREBP-1c by insulin via reduced trans-activation of LXRα. KeywordsSterol response element binding protein-1c; insulin; polyunsaturated fatty acids; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; liver x receptor alpha

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Fish oil in the treatment of dyslipidemia

Abstract: Omega-3 fatty acid treatment should be considered in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia as well as in high-risk patients with an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype.

Cited by 34 publications

References 50 publications

Identifying Molecular Effects of Diet through Systems Biology: Influence of Herring Diet on Sterol Metabolism and Protein Turnover in Mice

Identifying Molecular Effects of Diet through Systems Biology: Influence of Herring Diet on Sterol Metabolism and Protein Turnover in Mice

Combined dyslipidemia in childhood

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress insulin-induced SREBP-1c transcription via reduced trans-activating capacity of LXRα

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