First report that the wasp <i>Gronotoma guamensis</i> (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae) parasitizes the orchid‐feeding fly <i>Japanagromyza tokunagai</i> in Japan

Suetsugu, Kenji; Mita, Toshiharu

doi:10.1111/ens.12355

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Moreover, the drivers of the recent rapid increase in damage to orchid fruit by J. tokunagai , up to 100% of fruits on some individuals, remain unclear; from 1890 until the present day, the maximum proportion of specimens showing damage was 50% (Yamashita et al, 2020). The decline of parasitoid wasps, which are natural enemies of J. tokunagai (Kim & Lim, 2018; Matsuo et al, 2019; Suetsugu & Mita, 2018, 2019), may be related to this increase. In addition, changes in local and regional environmental conditions may be contributing factors, as well as an increase of a domestic exotic species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular identification of seed‐feeding flies dissected from herbarium specimens clarifies the 100‐year history of parasitism by Japanagromyza tokunagai in Japan

Yamashita

Ogura‐Tsujita

Nagata

et al. 2021

Ecological Research

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Insect pests, particularly seed‐feeding flies, can cause serious damage to the fruits of many wild orchid species. Evidence of fly damage has been observed in 55 orchid species, belonging to 25 genera, distributed throughout Japan. Although some authors suggested that the observed increase in fly damage to orchids in recent years is related to the introduction of exotic species, the timing and route of spread remain unclear. We examined herbarium specimens of seven orchid species, collected between 1923 and 2016, to collect coarctate pupae and empty puparia, with minimal damage to the specimens. Genomic DNA was then extracted from the insect tissue and species were identified using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 barcode regions. Long amplicons (660 base pairs [bp]) were obtained from 45.2% of samples and short amplicons (162 bp) were obtained from 90.3% of samples. In total, 51 of 62 samples had nucleotide sequences homologous to Japanagromyza tokunagai, with specimens distributed across collection years and geographic locations. Therefore, the severe damage to Japanese orchids observed in recent years is not related to the recent introduction of an exotic species; it may be related to a rapid increase in a native species. This work highlights the value of herbaria as important resources for elucidating the history and distribution of parasitic insects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular identification of seed‐feeding flies dissected from herbarium specimens clarifies the 100‐year history of parasitism by Japanagromyza tokunagai in Japan

Yamashita

Ogura‐Tsujita

Nagata

et al. 2021

Ecological Research

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“…However, it should be noted that although many orchids are (at least partially) parasitic on their mycorrhizal fungi and exhibit strong pollinator-limitation (Leake, 1994), gynomonoecy is not prevalent within the orchid family as a whole. Given that (i) hypotheses regarding the adaptive significance of gynomonoecy are not mutually exclusive and (ii) the seed-feeding fly Japanagromyza tokunagai have probably substantial negative impact on the reproduction of E. zollingeri (Suetsugu & Mita, 2019), benefits other than outcrossing, such as herbivory reduction, could also have contributed to the evolution of gynomonoecy. Therefore, further investigation is needed to elucidate the potentially diverse adaptive significance, disadvantages, and developmental constraints of gynomonoecy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eulophia zollingeri is a mycoheterotrophic orchid distributed from India and Southeast Asia to New Guinea and Australia (Ogura-Tsujita & Yukawa, 2008;Suetsugu & Mita, 2019;Suetsugu, Matsubayashi & Tayasu, 2020). The behavior of floral visitors in Miyazaki City, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan, was monitored during the peak flowering period (early to mid-July), in 2016 and 2017.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynomonoecy in a mycoheterotrophic orchid Eulophia zollingeri with autonomous selfing hermaphroditic flowers and putatively outcrossing female flowers

Suetsugu

2020

PeerJ

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Most orchid species exhibit an extreme case of hermaphroditism, owing to the fusion of male and female organs into a gynostemium. Exceptions to this rule have only been reported from the subtribes Catasetinae and Satyriinae. Here, I report an additional orchidaceous example whose flowers are not always hermaphroditic. In several Japanese populations of Eulophia zollingeri (Rchb.f.) J.J.Sm, a widespread Asian and Oceanian orchid, some flowers possess both the anther (i.e., anther cap and pollinaria) and stigma, whereas others possess only the stigma. Therefore, pollination experiments, an investigation of floral morphology and observations of floral visitors were conducted to understand the reproductive biology of E. zollingeri in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. It was confirmed that E. zollingeri studied here possesses a gynomonoecious reproductive system, a sexual system in which a single plant has both female flowers and hermaphroditic flowers. In addition, hermaphroditic flowers often possess an effective self-pollination system while female flowers could avoid autogamy but suffered from severe pollinator limitation, due to a lack of agamospermy and low insect-mediated pollination. The present study represents the first documented example of gynomonoecy within Orchidaceae. Gynomonoecy in E. zollingeri may be maintained by the tradeoff in reproductive traits between female flowers (with low fruit set but potential outcrossing benefits) and hermaphroditic flowers (with high fruit set but inbreeding depression in selfed offspring). This mixed mating is probably important in mycoheterotrophic E. zollingeri because it occurs in shaded forest understorey with a paucity of pollinators.

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First report that the wasp Gronotoma guamensis (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae) parasitizes the orchid‐feeding fly Japanagromyza tokunagai in Japan

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

Molecular identification of seed‐feeding flies dissected from herbarium specimens clarifies the 100‐year history of parasitism by Japanagromyza tokunagai in Japan

Molecular identification of seed‐feeding flies dissected from herbarium specimens clarifies the 100‐year history of parasitism by Japanagromyza tokunagai in Japan

Gynomonoecy in a mycoheterotrophic orchid Eulophia zollingeri with autonomous selfing hermaphroditic flowers and putatively outcrossing female flowers

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