First report of Coxiella burnetii and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in poultry red mites, Dermanyssus gallinae (Mesostigmata, Acari), related to urban outbreaks of dermatitis in Italy

Raele, Donato Antonio; Galante, Domenico; Pugliese, Nicola; Salandra, Giovanna La; Lomuto, M; Cafiero, M. A.

doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2018.01.004

Cited by 43 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The implications of these infestations in urban environments may well cause concern, since Chlamydia psittaci (Circella et al, 2011), and both Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. and Coxiella burnetii DNA, the agents of Lyme disease and Q Fever, respectively, have recently been detected in D. gallinae during three outbreaks of human dermatitis related to sparrow and pigeon nests (Raele et al, 2018). More importantly, Bartonella quintana DNA has been detected in Dermanyssus mites collected in an apartment during an outbreak of urban trench fever caused by B. quintana, which affected a family with high socio-economic status (Melter et al, 2012).…”

Section: Urban Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This means that most physicians are unfamiliar with the diagnosis of several less common mite-related forms of dermatitis, including the dermatitis caused by D. gallinae (Cafiero et al, 2008;Haag-Wackernagel & Bircher, 2010;Collgros et al, 2013). This is extremely important, not only because misdiagnosis may lead to failure in the treatment of patients, but also because, as underlined above, D. gallinae may be a vector/reservoir of ascertained zoonotic agents (Chirico et al, 2003;Valiente Moro et al, 2009;Brännström et al, 2010;Circella et al, 2011;Melter et al, 2012;Raele et al, 2018).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dermanysuss gallinaeattacks humans. Mind the gap!

et al. 2019

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Dermanyssus gallinae is a haematophagous ectoparasite primarily known as a pest of domestic and wild birds. It occasionally feeds on a range of mammals, and, more importantly, is of growing concern in human medicine. This review highlights mite attacks on people working with poultry, and updates the increasing incidence of dermanyssosis in urban environments in Europe. Although several cases of dermanyssosis have been documented, there are a number of reasons why diagnosis of D. gallinae infestations in humans is likely to be underestimated. Firstly, medical specialists are not well aware of D. gallinae infestations in humans. There is also a lack of collaboration with specialists from other disciplines. The problem is compounded by misdiagnoses and by the lack of diagnostic tools. We review the literature on human dermanyssosis cases in Europe, and also provide information on the epidemiology, clinical, histo-pathological and immunological aspects of dermanyssosis. We stress the need for improved recognition of this challenging infestation in humans, and provide straightforward recommendations for health practitioners, starting with collection of the correct anamnestic information and including appropriate management methods for case recognition and resolution. Finally, we indicate the most urgent areas to be addressed by future research. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS. Dermanyssus gallinae is of growing concern in human medicine.. Most physicians are not well aware of dermanyssosis in humans.. Bio-epidemiological and clinical aspects of this ectoparasitosis are highlighted.. Practical key actions for diagnosis and correct management of infestation in humans are provided.

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Section: Urban Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermanysuss gallinaeattacks humans. Mind the gap!

et al. 2019

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“…and O. bacoti mites may play a role in Bartonella spp. transmission [ 6,7 ] , and Lyme disease/Q fever agents have recently been detected in D. gallinae and related to outbreaks of dermatitis in Italian city-dwellers [ 8 ] .…”

Section: Conflict Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatitis due to Mesostigmatic mites (Dermanyssus gallinae, Ornithonyssus [O.] bacoti, O. bursa, O. sylviarum) in residential settings

Cafiero

Viviano

Lomuto

et al. 2018

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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“…Beyond the direct effects, many studies have surmised the role of D. gallinae as a vector of pathogens [7]. Association with D. gallinae has been reported for several viral and bacterial species, such as avian in uenza virus [8], Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae [9], Chlamydia psittaci [10], Coxiella burnetii and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato [11]. However, very few publications report the actual demonstration of transmission of pathogens mediated by the poultry red mite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of vector borne transmission of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Gallinarum and fowl typhoid mediated by the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)

Cocciolo

Circella

Pugliese

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer 1778) is a major ectoparasite of poultry. Infestations are found in most laying hen farms in Europe, and breeder flocks have also been reported to be affected. Mite infestation has detrimental effects on animal welfare, are a cause of significant economic losses, and D. gallinae is often considered as a pathogen vector. Despite suspicion of a close relationship between the poultry red mite and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum ( S. Gallinarum), the causative agent of fowl typhoid (FT), there has been no definitive proof of mite-mediated transmission. Therefore, an investigation was conducted to determine if D. gallinae -mediated transmission of S. Gallinarum could be demonstrated among four different hen groups.Methods: Two groups of 8 hens (A and B) were experimentally infected with S. Gallinarum in two isolators. After seven days, when birds showed signs of FT, about 25,000 mites were introduced. After 3 days, mites were harvested and used to infest other two hen groups of 8 (C and D), in two separate isolators. Health status of hens was constantly monitored; detection and quantification of S. Gallinarum were performed by PCR and qPCR from mites and organs of dead hens. The maximum likelihood estimation of the infection rate and mite vectorial capacity were calculated.Results: Clinical disease was observed in groups infected with S. Gallinarum (A and B) and in hens of groups C and D infested with mites harvested from the isolators containing groups A and B. In all 4 groups, S. Gallinarum was detected from liver, spleen, ovary and cecum of hens, thus confirming the diagnosis of FT. Mite analysis demonstrated the presence of the pathogen, with an estimated infection rate ranging between 13.72 and 55.21 infected per thousand mites. Vectorial capacity was estimated to be 73.79.Conclusion: Mites harvested from birds infected with S. Gallinarum were shown to carry the mite, and then to transfer S . Gallinarum to isolated groups of pathogen-free birds that subsequently showed signs of FT. Mite vectorial capacity was high, demonstrating that D. gallinae should be considered an effective vector of FT.

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First report of Coxiella burnetii and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in poultry red mites, Dermanyssus gallinae (Mesostigmata, Acari), related to urban outbreaks of dermatitis in Italy

Cited by 43 publications

References 26 publications

Dermanysuss gallinaeattacks humans. Mind the gap!

Dermanysuss gallinaeattacks humans. Mind the gap!

Dermatitis due to Mesostigmatic mites (Dermanyssus gallinae, Ornithonyssus [O.] bacoti, O. bursa, O. sylviarum) in residential settings

Evidence of vector borne transmission of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Gallinarum and fowl typhoid mediated by the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)

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