First archaeometric study on medieval glass found in Beja (Southern Portugal)

Coutinho, Inês; Medici, Teresa; Coentro, Susana; Alves, L.C.; Vilarigues, Márcia

doi:10.1080/17546559.2016.1205752

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Its composition depends on the plant species, the location and soil where it grows, the parts of the plant that are used and the season when the plants are harvested as well as the way the ash is prepared [ 54 – 56 ]. Elements commonly associated with the plant ash component (Na, Mg, P, K, B) and to a lesser degree with the silica source can potentially distinguish different types of plant ash and may reveal differences in the preparation techniques [ 60 , 63 – 65 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some compositional affinities were found with material from the western Mediterranean. A few isolated examples of a similar composition in terms of high aluminium and titanium contents exist among glasses from Qsar es-Seghir [ 23 ], ninth- to tenth-century glass beads from al-Basra [ 71 ], as well as Iberian assemblages from Murcia [ 59 ] and Silves (in preparation) [ 79 ], both dating to the eleventh to thirteenth century, and Beja [ 60 ] from the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries ( Fig 8A ). There is, furthermore, a group of similar glasses from Tuscany and Liguria dating to the thirteenth to sixteenth century [ 64 , 80 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… (a) Aluminium and titanium concentrations in comparison with comparative assemblages from Qasar es-Seghir [ 23 ], al-Basra [ 71 ], Murcia [ 59 ] and Beja [ 60 ] in light grey as well as samples from Tuscany [ 64 ] and Silves (in preparation); (b) zirconium versus titanium contents highlight differences between Iberian glasses from Vascos and Silves (Portugal) and glasses from various Tuscan sites [ 64 ]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glass import and production in Hispania during the early medieval period: The glass from Ciudad de Vascos (Toledo)

Ares

Schibille

2017

PLoS ONE

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One hundred and forty-one glass fragments from medieval Ciudad de Vascos (Toledo, Spain) were analysed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The glasses fall into three types according to the fluxing agents used: mineral natron, soda-rich plant ash, and a combination of soda ash and lead. The natron glasses can be assigned to various established primary production groups of eastern Mediterranean provenance. Different types of plant ash glasses indicate differences in the silica source as well as the plant ash component, reflecting changing supply mechanisms. While the earlier plant ash groups can be related to Islamic glasses from the Near East, both in terms of typology and composition, the chemical signature of the later samples appear to be specific to glass from the Iberian Peninsula. This has important implications for our understanding of the emerging glass industry in Spain and the distribution patterns of glass groups and raw materials. The plant ash that was used for the Vascos glasses is rich in soda with low levels of potash, similar to ash produced in the eastern Mediterranean. It could therefore be possible that Levantine plant ash was imported and used in Islamic period glass workshops in Spain. Unlike central and northern Europe where an independent glass industry based on potassium-rich wood ash developed during the Carolingian period, the prevalence of soda ash and soda ash lead glass on the Iberian Peninsula indicates its commercial and technological interconnection with the Islamic east. Our study thus traces several stages leading to the development of a specifically Spanish primary glassmaking industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glass import and production in Hispania during the early medieval period: The glass from Ciudad de Vascos (Toledo)

Ares

Schibille

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Concerning the comparison with glass found in Portugal, it was decided to compare with samples dated to the 14th up to the 17th century [18]. In Figure 5, one can see the ratios of alumina/silica versus titania/alumina for the Granada samples, the Castril glass [13] and for the 14/15th centuries Praça Miguel Fernandes (Beja) samples (PMF) [47]. Still, in Figure 5, a grey shadow was marked, which represents the area to which the great majority of the Portuguese samples dated to the 17th century belong (more than 100 samples) [18].…”

Section: Iberian Peninsula and Beyondmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 5. Binary plot of weight ratios of Al2O3/SiO2 vs. the weight ratio of TiO2/Al2O3 for the samples from the Horno del Vidrio together with the Castril glass, the 14th/15th century glass unearthed in Beja, Portugal (PMF) and the 15th/16th century glass from Savona, Italy[13,46,47].…”

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Calle Horno del Vidrio—Preliminary Study of Glass Production Remains Found in Granada, Spain, Dated to the 16th and 17th Centuries

Coutinho¹,

Campaña²,

Alves

et al. 2021

Minerals

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A set of 14 glass fragments and production remains dated to the 16th and 17th centuries was collected during rescue archaeological works conducted in Granada, Spain, and was characterised by µ-PIXE. This preliminary study constitutes the first analytical approach to glass manufacturing remains from a Spanish production dated to the early-modern period. µ-PIXE allowed for the quantification of major, minor and some trace elements of the glass fragments. It also allowed mapping the elemental distribution on the fragments that were identified as an interface of crucible/glass. This analysis constitutes an evaluation of the ionic exchange between glass and crucible. The glass colours vary from the natural green and blue hues to completely colourless samples. The results show that the majority of the glass samples are of soda-lime-silicate composition, and only one proved to be of a potassium-rich composition. From this, one can hypothesise that glass rich in sodium (following the Mediterranean tradition) and potassium-rich glass (following a central and north European tradition) were both locally produced. Since this location was known as la Calle Horno del Vidrio (Glass Furnace Street) and several production evidences were found, it is highly probable that an artisanal glass production existed in this area.

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La Hispania antigua y medieval a través del vidrio: la aportación de la arqueometría

Ares¹,

Schibille²

2017

Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio

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First archaeometric study on medieval glass found in Beja (Southern Portugal)

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Glass import and production in Hispania during the early medieval period: The glass from Ciudad de Vascos (Toledo)

Glass import and production in Hispania during the early medieval period: The glass from Ciudad de Vascos (Toledo)

Calle Horno del Vidrio—Preliminary Study of Glass Production Remains Found in Granada, Spain, Dated to the 16th and 17th Centuries

La Hispania antigua y medieval a través del vidrio: la aportación de la arqueometría

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