Fire II Flight Experiment Analysis by Means of a Collisional-Radiative Model

Panesi, Marco; Magin, Thierry; Bourdon, Anne; Bultel, Arnaud; Chazot, Olivier

doi:10.2514/1.39034

Cited by 157 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…For the nitrogen mixture, the results for TC2 practically coincide with those reported in Ref. 30 for Fire II (1634 s) for the air mixture. For nitrogen, the equilibrium temperature is around 12 000 K, while for oxygen the equilibrium temperature is lower than 6000 K and the slope of the curve is different.…”

Section: A Flow Parameterssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…In high-temperature flows, radiative effects are of crucial importance, and radiative heating becomes comparable to the convective one. In this case, fluid dynamic equations have to be coupled to the equations of radiative heat transfer; advanced models of coupled gas dynamics, chemistry, and radiation are proposed by a number of authors for state-tostate 30,[36][37][38] and multi-temperature (MT) [27][28][29]32 flows (see also references in Ref. 27).…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transport coefficients and heat fluxes in non-equilibrium high-temperature flows with electronic excitation

Истомин

Кустова

2017

Physics of Plasmas

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The influence of electronic excitation on transport processes in non-equilibrium high-temperature ionized mixture flows is studied. Two five-component mixtures, N 2 =N þ 2 =N=N þ =e À and O 2 =O þ 2 =O=O þ =e À , are considered taking into account the electronic degrees of freedom for atomic species as well as the rotational-vibrational-electronic degrees of freedom for molecular species, both neutral and ionized. Using the modified Chapman-Enskog method, the transport coefficients (thermal conductivity, shear viscosity and bulk viscosity, diffusion and thermal diffusion) are calculated in the temperature range 500-50 000 K. Thermal conductivity and bulk viscosity coefficients are strongly affected by electronic states, especially for neutral atomic species. Shear viscosity, diffusion, and thermal diffusion coefficients are not sensible to electronic excitation if the size of excited states is assumed to be constant. The limits of applicability for the Stokes relation are discussed; at high temperatures, this relation is violated not only for molecular species but also for electronically excited atomic gases. Two test cases of strongly non-equilibrium flows behind plane shock waves corresponding to the spacecraft re-entry (Hermes and Fire II) are simulated numerically. Fluid-dynamic variables and heat fluxes are evaluated in gases with electronic excitation. In inviscid flows without chemical-radiative coupling, the flow-field is weakly affected by electronic states; however, in viscous flows, their influence can be more important, in particular, on the convective heat flux. The contribution of different dissipative processes to the heat transfer is evaluated as well as the effect of reaction rate coefficients. The competition of diffusion and heat conduction processes reduces the overall effect of electronic excitation on the convective heating, especially for the Fire II test case. It is shown that reliable models of chemical reaction rates are of great importance for accurate predictions of the fluid dynamic variables and heat fluxes. Published by AIP Publishing. [http://dx

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Section: A Flow Parameterssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport coefficients and heat fluxes in non-equilibrium high-temperature flows with electronic excitation

Истомин

Кустова

2017

Physics of Plasmas

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“…In order to model the EAST experimental setting, we will use the one-dimensional, shock-fitting Euler code Shocking [13][14][15] that simulates the shock-tube flow field by solving the Rankine-Hugoniot (RH) jump equations to determine the post-shock conditions -i.e. by solving the conservation equations of mass, momentum, and global energy across the shock.…”

Section: Physical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic validation of non-equilibrium thermochemical models using Bayesian inference

Miki

Panesi

Prudhomme

2015

Journal of Computational Physics

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“…In most aerospace applications of air plasma flow (hypersonic flow around a reentry body [1][2][3][4], laser-driven blast wave [5][6][7][8], and plasma processing techniques using electric discharges), plasma internal states do not achieve local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). It is necessary to consider nonequilibrium properties of population distribution into each plasma internal state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For accurate prediction of the heating rates to design a proper TPS during the entry flight, the behavior of excited species has to be well known. This can be achieved through detailed description of nonequilibrium air plasma states through a CR model [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fitting formula for radiative cooling based on non-local thermodynamic equilibrium population from weakly-ionized air plasma

Ogino¹,

Nagano²,

Ishihara³

et al. 2013

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract.A fitting formula for radiative cooling with collisional-radiative population for air plasma flowfield has been developed. Population number densities are calculated from rate equations in order to evaluate the effects of nonequilibrium atomic and molecular processes. Many elementary processes are integrated to be applied to optically-thin plasmas in the number density range of 10 12 /cm 3 ≤ N ≤ 10 19 /cm 3 and the temperature range of 300 K ≤ T ≤ 40,000 K. Our results of the total radiative emissivity calculated from the collisional-radiative population are fitted in terms of temperature and total number density. To validate the analytic fitting formula, numerical simulation of a laser-induced blast wave propagation with the nonequilibrium radiative cooling is conducted and successfully reproduces the shock and plasma wave front time history observed by experiments. In addition, from the comparison between numerical simulations with the radiation cooling effect based on the fitting formula and those with a gray gas radiation model that assumes local thermodynamic equilibrium, we find that the displacement of the plasma front is slightly different due to the deviation of population probabilities. By using the fitting formula, we can easily and more accurately evaluate the radiative cooling effect without solving detailed collisional-radiative rate equations. IntroductionIn most aerospace applications of air plasma flow (hypersonic flow around a reentry body [1-4], laser-driven blast wave [5][6][7][8], and plasma processing techniques using electric discharges), plasma internal states do not achieve local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). It is necessary to consider nonequilibrium properties of population distribution into each plasma internal state. The nonequilibrium properties directly affect radiative emissivities and opacities, partition functions of internal energy modes, and thermal relaxations. These effects of nonequilibrium processes are still a problem that remains to be solved in those applications.For instance, we take a gas-driven laser-propulsion system whose thrust power is obtained through interaction with a propellant gas heated by external laser beam irradiation. After a focused laser breaks down the propellant gas, a blast wave is formed by the laser-produced plasma and propagates to the projectile through the surrounding gas. The performance of a gas-driven laser propulsion system depends heavily on the blast-wave dynamics and the plasma states sustaining it. Our previous work [8] numerically simulated a laser-driven blast wave

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Fire II Flight Experiment Analysis by Means of a Collisional-Radiative Model

Cited by 157 publications

References 28 publications

Transport coefficients and heat fluxes in non-equilibrium high-temperature flows with electronic excitation

Transport coefficients and heat fluxes in non-equilibrium high-temperature flows with electronic excitation

Systematic validation of non-equilibrium thermochemical models using Bayesian inference

A fitting formula for radiative cooling based on non-local thermodynamic equilibrium population from weakly-ionized air plasma

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