Fire Fatalities Among Children: An Analysis Across Philadelphia's Census Tracts

Shai, Donna; Lupinacci, Paul

doi:10.1093/phr/118.2.115

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Fatal residential fires occurred more commonly in the winter and spring months (N = 45 and N = 47, respectively), with notably fewer deaths in the summer and fall (N = 28 and N = 33, respectively). This pattern of fatal fire incidence is expected, as the winter and spring seasons are associated with an increase in the use of heating appliances and indoor activities (12,16,19,20).…”

Section: Additional Notesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A high frequency of child deaths has also been associated with accidental fire-setting by children (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Additional Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this pattern has been noted by other researchers (3), the reasons for it are not easy to discern. Population differences between age categories may be an influencing factor and the strong correlation between fire deaths and smoking and/or alcohol consumption in the home may also suggest that these social habits are influencing death rates in these age groups (7,10,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Additional Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Fire-Related Deaths in Alberta

Waterhouse¹

2010

Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal

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Burnt remains and fire-related research are growing areas of investigation in forensicanthropology;however,forthisresearchtobevaluabletocriminaldeath investigationsitmustbecomparablewithrealdeathcircumstances.Toensurethis relevance,anunderstandingofthecircumstances(andvictimprofiles)relatingto fatal fires is required. As a first step in addressing these issues, this paper examines and interprets fire deaths occurring in Alberta, Canada over a ten-year periodbetweenJanuary1999andDecember2008.Theresultsshowthat274indi-viduals died in 231 fire incidents during the period under review. The majority of thesedeathsoccurredinresidentialfires(65%),vehiclefiresfollowingvehiclecollisions (20%) and stationary vehicle fires (8%). Analysis also indicates that the victimandburnprofilevarywithfiretype.Inresidentialfires,youngandelderlyindividualsareatriskwhereasinvehiclefiresfollowingvehiclecollisions,middle-aged adults are the most common victims. Victims of residential fires exhibit varying degreesofburndamageandremainsmaybereducedtocalcinedbonefragments. More severe burning is seen in trailer or cabin fires compared to house fires. In vehicle fires, burn damage is often significant, with remains frequently exhibiting thermalamputation.Fatalresidentialandstationaryvehiclefiresaremorecommon inthewinterandspringseasons,incontrasttovehiclefiresfollowingvehiclecollisionswhichoccurmostofteninthefall. RÉSUMÉ Les débris d'incendies et la recherche reliée aux incendies sont des domaines d'investigation en anthropologie judiciaire qui prennent beaucoup d'ampleur, cependant pour que cette recherche soit valable aux investigations criminelles impliquant un décès, elle doit être comparable avec des circonstances de décès réels. Pour s'assurer de cette valeur, il faut comprendre les circonstances (et les profiles des victimes) à la suite d'un incendie mortel. Ce travail se fixe comme objectif premier de tenter d'expliquer ou de mieux comprendre les circonstances d'incendies mortels en faisant l'interprétation d'incendies mortels en Alberta ,CanadasurunepériodededixansentreJanvier1999etDécembre2008.Lesrésul-tatsdémontrentque274individussontdécédésàlasuitede231incendiesdurant lapérioderévisée.Lamajoritédecesdécèssontàlasuited'incendiesrésidentiels (65%),d'incendiesimpliquantdesvoituresaprèsunecollision(20%)etd'incendies impliquantdesvoituresstationnaires(8%).Lesrésultatsdémontrentaussiquele profile brûlé de la victime varie dépendant du type d'incendie. Dans les cas d'incendiesrésidentiels,lestrèsjeunesetlesvieillardssontsouventlesvictimes tandisquedansdesincendiesimpliquantdesvoituresàlasuited'unecollision,les adultes d'ages moyens sont plus souvent les victimes. Les victimes d'incendies résidentielsdémontrentsurtoutdesprofilesbrûlésquivarientetdescorpsréduits à des fragments d'os calcinés. On voit des profiles beaucoup plus sévères lorsDownloaded by [Chulalongkorn University] at 09:39 26 December 2014 d'incendiesrésidentielsimpliquantdesmaisonsmobilesetdescabinesqueceux impliquant des maisons. On voit du dommage très significatif aux vict...

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Section: Additional Notesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A high frequency of child deaths has also been associated with accidental fire-setting by children (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Additional Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Additional Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Fire-Related Deaths in Alberta

Waterhouse¹

2010

Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal

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“…Logistic regression analysis ( Ballard et al , 1992 ;Marshall et al , 1998 ;Shai and Lupinacci, 2003 ) of both fi re incidence and fi re fatality was also undertaken, in order to ascertain whether a logistic regression approach might be more accu rate than a linear regression approach. The two values for logistic regression modelling of fi re fatalities were 0 = no fi re fatalities within an LSOA, and 1 = fi re fatalities within an LSOA.…”

Section: Comparison Of Calculated and Actual Unintentional Dwelling Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploration of causal factors in unintentional dwelling fires

et al. 2012

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We examine the causal factors involved in unintentional dwelling fire incidents within the Merseyside area of the North West region of the United Kingdom. The approach of all-subsets multiple linear regression was used to develop an unintentional dwelling fire risk model for the region. The risk model was based on data obtained from UK government agencies relating to causal factors iden tified by earlier published studies. In the region studied, mental health problems, disability and residents living alone were the most significant factors associated with unintentional dwelling fire fatalities. However, in a separate model of the incidence of unintentional dwelling fires within the region, binge drinking and smoking were additional statistically significant factors.

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“…It has been argued that the higher incidence of poor, single parent, households in such areas, combined with the associated demands on time and resources, results in greater numbers of young children spending longer periods unsupervised. Additionally, once a fire does break out, very young children lack both the ability to respond effectively to the threat and the ability to evacuate unaided .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A qualitative study of experiences, actions and motivations during accidental dwelling fires

Thompson

Wales

2014

Fire and Materials

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Summary This paper outlines the initial stage of Kent Fire and Rescue Service's project to develop a comprehensive understanding of the behaviours and associated motivations of those directly experiencing an accidental dwelling fire (ADF). Although human behaviour in fires in public, commercial and industrial spaces is a well‐established area, for the past 30 years, the study of human behaviour in dwelling fires has not received a comparable degree of attention. The first stage of this applied research was a pilot study comprising semi‐structured interviews with 10 individuals who had experienced an ADF and suffered physical injury as a result. This paper will outline the background to and findings of this qualitative study. Key among the findings was that several interviewees clearly expressed their desire to take early action to tackle or mitigate the effects of a fire. It also identified that a majority of interviewees entered or attempted to enter the room of fire origin to investigate, tackle or mitigate the effects of the fire and also expressed a strong belief in the validity and appropriateness of such actions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Fire Fatalities Among Children: An Analysis Across Philadelphia's Census Tracts

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

A Review of Fire-Related Deaths in Alberta

A Review of Fire-Related Deaths in Alberta

An exploration of causal factors in unintentional dwelling fires

A qualitative study of experiences, actions and motivations during accidental dwelling fires

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