Fine structural analysis of the cocoon silk production in the garden spider,<i>Argiope aurantia</i>

Moon, Myung‐Jin

doi:10.1080/12265071.2003.9647680

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The spinning system in O. striatipes is simple and primitive: even female spiders possess neither tubuliform glands for cocoon production (Kovoor 1987; Moon 2002) nor triad spigots (Kovoor & Zylberberg 1979; Peters 1987; Moon & Kim 2005). It has been reported that most Araneidae spiders as well as other wandering spiders, such as wolf spiders and salticid spiders, use the tubuliform silk for building egg‐cases (Coddington 1986; Moon 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have found that divergence of spider species correlates with evolution of the ampullate gland (Foelix 1996), and it has also been shown that selection and molecular events resulted in the evolution of the ampullate silk proteins (Craig & Riekel 2002). Like other araneid spiders, such as wandering spiders (Moon 1998; Moon & An 2005) and other web‐building spiders (Tillinghast & Townley 1986; Peters & Kovoor 1991; Moon 2002; Park & Moon 2002; Moon & Tillinghast 2004; Moon & An 2006), the ampullate glands were the largest silk glands observed in O. striatipes and were used for making draglines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure of the silk spigots of the green crab spider Oxytate striatipes (Araneae: Thomisidae)

Moon

2006

Entomological Research

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The genus Oxytate L. Koch, 1878 comprises a homogeneous group of nocturnal crab spiders that have silk apparatuses even though they do not spin webs to trap prey. We examined the microstructure of the silk spinning apparatus of the green crab spider Oxytate striatipes, using field emission scanning electron microscopy. The silk glands of the spider were classified into three types: ampullate, pyriform and aciniform. The spigots of these three types of silk gland occur in both sexes. Two pairs of major ampullate glands send secretory ductules to the anterior spinnerets, and another two pairs of minor ampullate glands supply the median spinnerets. In addition, the pyriform glands send ductules to the anterior spinnerets (45 pairs in females and 40 pairs in males), and the aciniform glands feed silk into the median (9–12 pairs in females and 7–10 pairs in males) and the posterior (30 pairs in both sexes) spinnerets. The spigot system of O. striatipes is simpler and more primitive than other wandering spiders: even the female spiders possess neither tubuliform glands for cocoon production nor triad spigots for web‐building.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure of the silk spigots of the green crab spider Oxytate striatipes (Araneae: Thomisidae)

Moon

2006

Entomological Research

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“…It has been suggested that the larger-diameter fibers are derived from the tubuliform gland, whereas the smaller-diameter fibers originate from the aciniform gland [48]. Morphological studies indicate that the tubuliform glands undergo structural changes prior to egg laying and egg case formation [49,50]. Solid-state NMR and FTIR studies of egg case silks from L. hesperus, A. diadematus and Achaearanea tepidariorum demonstrate profound differences in their secondary structures.…”

Section: Tubuliform Silksmentioning

confidence: 97%

Molecular mechanisms of spider silk

Vasanthavada

Köhler

et al. 2006

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

127

111

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Spiders spin high-performance silks through the expression and assembly of tissue-restricted fibroin proteins. Spider silks are composite protein biopolymers that have complex microstructures. Retrieval of cDNAs and genomic DNAs encoding silk fibroins has revealed an association between the protein sequences and structure-property relationships. However, before spider silks can be subject to genetic engineering for commercial applications, the complete protein sequences and their functions, as well as the details of the spinning mechanism, will require additional progress and collaborative efforts in the areas of biochemistry, molecular biology and material science. Novel approaches to reveal additional molecular constituents embedded in the spider fibers, as well as cloning strategies to manipulate the genes for expression, will continue to be important aspects of spider biology research. Here we summarize the molecular characteristics of the different spider fibroins, the mechanical properties and assembly process of spidroins and the advances in protein expression systems used for recombinant silk production. We also highlight different technical approaches being used to elucidate the molecular constituents of silk fibers.

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“…Tubuliform development corresponds to the maturation of the ovaries, reaching a maximum size when the females become gravid (Kovoor, 1987;Moon, 2003). These glands are often referred to as cylindrical glands and extrude threads called tubuliform or cylindrical silks.…”

Section: Tubuliform Silkmentioning

confidence: 99%