Abstract.For acquiring the precise parameters of bearing in rotating machinery, and further to study the bearing characteristics, and considering the difficult and bottleneck problems with wired monitoring method for bearing, the on-line monitoring method of bearing based on wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is proposed in this paper. Two typical engineering applications, namely the bearing of freight train and the water-lubricated bearing are studied. The key issues in application of WSNs, including the energy consumption, the routing protocol, the design of node, the compressive and coding algorithm of vibration data, and the Doppler effect are solved. Finally, the simulation and experiment results show the effective of the wireless method proposed.