Filifactor alocis in endodontic infections

Abstract

Introduction: Filifactor alocis is considered an emerging pathogen in various oral infections, mainly endodontic. Objective: To analyze the literature on the bacterium Filifactor alocis, including its virulence factors, nutrition, diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment. Methodology: Articles on the subject published through the PubMed, SCOPUS and Google Academic databases were analyzed, with an emphasis on the last 5 years. It was carried out with the words "Filifactor alocis", "Gram-positive", "Anaerobic bacteria", "Endodontic infections". Results: 3-methyldenine DNA glycosylase, its ability to encode FtxA exotoxin, and its high ability to form hydrogen sulfide from L-cysteine are some of its virulence factors. 16S rRNA gene sequencing is the most common detection method. The relatively high detection of F. alocis associated with infections of endodontic origin, makes it a potential putative endodontic pathogen. Correct chemical-mechanical instrumentation and a hermetic seal is the best treatment to eradicate Filifactor alocis. Conclusions: Filifactor alocis is one of the most frequent bacteria in various endodontic infections. Therefore, its eradication is crucial to achieve the elimination of the infection.