Fibronectin induces MMP2 expression in human prostate cancer cells

Abstract

High-grade prostate cancers express high levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), major enzymes involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the tumor cell lines commonly employed for prostate cancer research express only small amounts of MMPs when cultivated as monolayer cultures, in common culture media. The present study was conducted to ascertain whether culture conditions that include fibronectin can alter MMP2 and MMP9 expression by the human prostatic epithelial cell lines RWPE-1, LNCaP and PC-3. These cells were individually seeded at 2×10(4) cells/cm(2), cultivated until they reached 80% confluence, and then exposed for 4h to fibronectin, after which the conditioned medium was analyzed by gelatin zymography. Untreated cells were given common medium. Only RWPE-1 cells express detectable amounts of MMP9 when cultivated in common medium, whereas the addition of fibronectin induced high expression levels of pro and active forms of MMP2 in all tested cell lines. Our findings demonstrate that normal and tumor prostate cell lines express MMP2 activity when in contact with extracellular matrix components or blood plasma proteins such as fibronectin. Future studies of transcriptomes and proteomes in prostate cancer research using these cell lines should not neglect these important conclusions.

SOX2 Targets Fibronectin 1 to Promote Cell Migration and Invasion in Ovarian Cancer: New Molecular Leads for Therapeutic Intervention

“…In ovarian cancer, FN1 secreted from the human peritoneal tissue induces MMP9 expression and the invasion of ovarian cancer cell lines (Shibata et al, 1997). FN1 also induces MMP9 expression in human laryngeal carcinoma cells (Sen et al, 2010) and MMP2 expression in human prostate cancer cells (Moroz et al, 2012). We showed herewith that FN1 is a direct target of SOX2 (Fig.…”

Urolithin A causes p21 up-regulation in prostate cancer cells

“…Naiki-Ito et al [42] also reported that ellagic acid, the precursor of UA, at high concentrations (75-125 μM) promotes apoptosis, activates caspase 3 and reduces Bcl-2 protein levels in LNCaP cells. Interestingly, some studies assessed that cross talk between tumor cells and extracellular matrix proteins, when present in culture systems, leads to behavioral changes in tumor cell biology, such as increased adherence to substrates, increased resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and resistance to apoptosis [43]. Thus, the effect of UA on tumor cell survival is probably multifactorial, considering that the extracellular protein, fibronectin (encoded by FN-1), was down-regulated by UA incubation and appeared as a node gene in our BAN.…”

A combination of desmopressin and docetaxel inhibit cell proliferation and invasion mediated by urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in human prostate cancer cells

“…The two important molecules MMP and uPA are involved in cancer cell invasion, motility, and tumor dormancy [15][16][17]. Based on the results of both the migration assay and invasion assay in PC3 cells, we anticipated that desmopressin used as a monotherapy may have anti-metastatic potential.…”