Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Predicts the Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes in Caucasians

Abstract

OBJECTIVEThe incidence of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising worldwide. Liver-derived fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 affects glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to analyze the predictive value of FGF-21 on the incidence of T2DM and the metabolic syndrome.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe Metabolic Syndrome Berlin Potsdam (MeSyBePo) recall study includes 440 individuals. Glucose metabolism was analyzed using an oral glucose tolerance test, including insulin measurements. FGF-21 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Primary study outcome was diabetes and the metabolic syndrome incidence and change of glucose subtraits.RESULTSDuring a mean follow-up of 5.30 ± 0.1 years, 54 individuals developed the metabolic syndrome, 35 developed T2DM, and 69 with normal glucose tolerance at baseline progressed to impaired glucose metabolism, defined as impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or T2DM. FGF-21 predicted incident metabolic syndrome (lnFGF-21 odds ratio [OR] 2.6 [95% CI 1.5 – 4.5]; P = 0.001), T2DM (2.4 [1.2–4.7]; P = 0.01), and progression to impaired glucose metabolism (2.2 [1.3 – 3.6]; P = 0.002) after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and follow-up time. Additional adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting glucose did not substantially modify the predictive value of FGF-21.CONCLUSIONSFGF-21 is an independent predictor of the metabolic syndrome and T2DM in apparently healthy Caucasians. These results may indicate FGF-21 resistance precedes the onset of the metabolic syndrome and T2DM.

Fıbroblast growth factor 21 and ıts relatıonshıp wıth ınsulın sensıtıvıty ın fırst-degree relatıves of patıents wıth type 2 dıabetes mellıtus

“…In accordance with our result, some studies have shown increased levels of FGF 21 in MS [25,26]. Moreover, Bobbert et al [27] proposed that FGF 21 may be a predictive factor for the development of MS in healthy individuals. The regulating peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) activity of FGF 21 has been suggested as an underlying mechanism in this association between FGF 21 and MS [28].…”

Lipodystrophy HIV-related and FGF21: A new marker to follow the progression of lipodystrophy?

“…Moreover, adipose tissue showed a large high expression of FGF receptor 1 [32] and emerged as a strong candidate to represent a predominant FGF21 target tissue. This new evidence about FGF21 highlights the opportunities to target this molecule for new pharmaceutical formulations to combat type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome [20] and that a rise in circulating FGF21 has been proposed as a predictor of the development of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus [33] . We decided to propose this hormone as a marker of metabolic and morphological alterations in the patient with HIV-related lipodystrophy in order to monitor the efficacy of the proposed interventions (drugs, modification of lifestyle, and different supplements).…”

Interindividual Variation in DNA Methylation at a Putative POMC Metastable Epiallele Is Associated with Obesity

“…The samples were part of the MesyBepo follow-up study (Bobbert et al, 2013 Gromoll). DNA was extracted as described previously (Laurentino et al, 2015).…”