Fiberboards Made from Corn Stalk Thermomechanical Pulp and Kraft Lignin as a Green Adhesive

Theng, Dyna; Mansouri, Nour-Eddine El; Arbat, Gerard; Ngo, Bunthan; Delgado-Aguilar, Marc; Pèlach, M. Àngels; Fullana–i–Palmer, Pere; Mutjé, Pere

doi:10.15376/biores.12.2.2379-2393

Cited by 39 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…The OOW, AF, and LC samples exhibit a 33.7, 21.2, and 16.1% ash residue, respectively, at 600 ∘ C. There are a number of degradation peaks associated with the thermal degradation of the LC and the AF and OOW ingredients. The lower degradation peak is associated with the decomposition of hemicellulose and lignin which degrades between 165 and 300 ∘ C, followed by a higher degradation peak which is associated with the decomposition of cellulose and lignin which degrades between 230 and 450 ∘ C. Lignin degrades around 200-450 ∘ C and its peaks are obscured by the hemicellulose and cellulose degradation peaks [26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignocellulosic Composites Prepared Utilizing Aqueous Alkaline/Urea Solutions with Cold Temperatures

Tisserat

Liu

Haverhals

2018

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Lignocellulosic composites (LCs) were fabricated by partially dissolving cotton to create a matrix that was reinforced with osage orange wood (OOW) particles and/or blue agave fibers (AF). LCs were composed of 15-35% cotton matrix and 65-85% OWW/AF reinforcement. The matrix was produced by soaking cotton wool in a cold aqueous alkaline/urea solvent and was stirred for 15 minutes at 350 rpm to create a viscous gel. The gel was then reinforced with lignocellulosic components, mixed, and then pressed into a panel mold. LC panels were soaked in water to remove the aqueous solvent and then oven dried to obtain the final LC product. Several factors involved in the preparation of these LCs were examined including reaction temperatures (−5 to −15 ∘ C), matrix concentration (15-35% cotton), aqueous solvent volume (45-105 ml/panel), and the effectiveness of employing various aqueous solvent formulations. The mechanical properties of LCs were determined and reported. Conversion of the cotton into a suitable viscous gel was critical in order to obtain LCs that exhibited high mechanical properties. LCs with the highest mechanical properties were obtained when the cotton wools were subjected to a 4.6% LiOH/15% urea solvent at −12.5 ∘ C using an aqueous solvent volume of 60 ml/panel. Cotton wool subjected to excessive cold alkaline solvents volumes resulted in irreversible cellulose breakdown and a resultant LC that exhibited poor mechanical properties.

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“…Finally, the pre-pressed mats were hot-pressed at 180 °C for 2 min at a pressure of 2 MPa. Similar parameters for preparing boards have been used by other researchers (Kargarfard and Jahan-Latibari 2014;Lü et al 2015;Hong et al 2017;Kusumah et al 2017;Theng et al 2017b).…”

Section: Board Preparationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparison of the Properties of Fiberboard Composites with Bamboo Green, Wood, or their Combination as the Fibrous Raw Material

2018

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The potential of bamboo green (B), an abundant lignocellulosic residue from the bamboo processing industry, was evaluated to serve as an alternative fibrous raw material in the production of fiberboard. Ureaformaldehyde resin-bonded fiberboards were prepared from B, wood fiber (W), and a mixture of the two (BW). The board type depended on the mass fraction of B in fibrous raw materials (including B and W), which were 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. The analytical methods used to characterize fibers and fiberboards included X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, contact angle analysis, physical-mechanical analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Compared with W, B showed a higher crystallinity index and thermogravimetric stability, but lower surface hydrophilicity and weaker interactions with urea-formaldehyde resin. Compared with W fiberboards, B fiberboards possessed a lower interfacial adhesion but fibrous raw materials in B fiberboards were better dispersed; moreover, B fiberboard displayed a higher dynamic viscosity, thermogravimetric stability, surface wettability, water absorption, and flexural modulus, but lower thickness swelling and flexural strength. The fiberboards produced with BW had better performances than the fiberboards produced with B and W. The 40% B mass fraction resulted in BW fiberboards with the best physicalmechanical properties.

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“…RecL was also studied as a raw material for the production of formaldehyde-free adhesives and as an antioxidizing agent. The lignin-based adhesives may be proposed as possible environmentally friendly and safe alternatives to phenol-formaldehyde resins [20][21][22][23][24]. Also, as furfural is a known crosslinking agent for lignin [25][26][27], lignin and furfural may be considered to replace phenol and formaldehyde, respectively, in the lignin-furfural resin systems [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Complete Utilization of Miscanthus in a Hot-Water Extraction-Based Biorefinery

et al. 2017

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Miscanthus (Miscanthus sp. Family: Poaceae) was hot-water extracted (two h, at 160 • C) at three scales: laboratory (Parr reactor, 300 cm 3 ), intermediate (M/K digester, 4000 cm 3 ), and pilot (65 ft 3 -digester, 1.841 × 10 6 cm 3 ). Hot-water extracted miscanthus, hydrolyzate, and lignin recovered from hydrolyzate were characterized and evaluated for potential uses aiming at complete utilization of miscanthus. Effects of scale-up on digester yield, removal of hemicelluloses, deashing, delignification degree, lignin recovery and purity, and cellulose retention were studied. The scale-dependent results demonstrated that before implementation, hot-water extraction (HWE) should be evaluated on a scale larger than a laboratory scale. The production of energy-enriched fuel pellets from hot-water extracted miscanthus, especially in combination with recovered lignin is recommended, as energy of combustion increased gradually from native to hot-water extracted miscanthus to recovered lignin. The native and pilot-scale hot-water extracted miscanthus samples were also subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using a cellulase-hemicellulase cocktail, to produce fermentable sugars. Hot-water extracted biomass released higher amount of glucose and xylose verifying benefits of HWE as an effective pretreatment for xylan-rich lignocellulosics. The recovered lignin was used to prepare a formaldehyde-free alternative to phenol-formaldehyde resins and as an antioxidant. Promising results were obtained for these lignin valorization pathways.

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“…Bagasse is a quantitatively relevant waste flow derived from sugar production, with more than 184 million tons produced in 2013 (Theng et al 2016). Using bagasse, instead of other resources with a non-renewable nature or high energy demand such as glass fiber, basalt fiber, or carbon fiber, may promote a more circular economy paradigm (Zah et al 2007;Witik et al 2011;La Rosa et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Starch-Based Biopolymer Reinforced with High Yield Fibers from Sugarcane Bagasse as a Technical and Environmentally Friendly Alternative to High Density Polyethylene

Jiménez¹,

Espinach²,

Delgado-Aguilar³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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Greener composites, as alternatives to more common materials, should also achieve technical and economic feasibility to be commercially competitive. This study presents the results obtained from using a biodegradable starch-based matrix, and a natural fiber reinforcement coming from sugarcane bagasse, currently an agro-waste. The sugarcane bagasse biomass was treated to obtain four kinds of fibers with different morphological and chemical properties. The fibers were used to obtain composite materials, which were then tested for tensile properties. The results showed that some of the composites were suitable to replace high density polyethylene, from a technical and environmental point of view. The comparatively higher cost of the biobased matrices hinders the substitution, but the higher the fiber content, the lower the economic disadvantage. A micromechanical test and a sensitivity analysis showed that the fiber orientation had the highest impact on the tensile strength, followed by the fibers mean length and the quality of the interphase between the fibers and the matrix.

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“…Sugarcane bagasse is the residue of the extraction of sugarcane juice from sugarcane, and it is used as a combustible material for supplying energy to sugarcane factories, as a pulp raw material in papermaking industries (Khakifirooz et al 2013;Diab et al 2015;Jesus Vargas-Radillo et al 2015), as a fiber in fiberboards (Hoareau et al 2006;Ashori et al 2009), and as reinforcement/filler for composite materials (mineral or degradable matrix-based) (Cao et al 2006;Karim et al 2013;Boontima et al 2015;El-Fattah et al 2015). The annual production of sugarcane amounted to 184 million tons in 2013 (Theng et al 2016), and the bagasse amounts usually measure at 260 kg of moist bagasse per sugarcane ton (Lois-Correa 2012). Consequently, bagasse fibers are a reliable source of fibers in tropical and subtropical regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Strength Assessment of Injection-Molded High Yield Sugarcane Bagasse-Reinforced Polypropylene

et al. 2016

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Sugarcane bagasse was treated to obtain sawdust, in addition to mechanical, thermomechanical, and chemical-thermomechanical pulps. The obtained fibers were used to obtain reinforced polypropylene composites prepared by injection molding. Coupling agent contents ranging from 2 to 10% w/w were added to the composite to obtain the highest tensile strength. All the composites included 30% w/w of reinforcing fibers. The tensile strength of the different sugarcane bagasse fiber composites were tested and discussed. The results were compared with that of other natural fiber-or glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites. Pulp-based composites showed higher tensile strength than sawdust-based composites. A micromechanical analysis showed the relationship of some micromechanical properties to the orientation angle, critical length, the intrinsic tensile strength, and the interfacial shear strength. The pulps showed similar intrinsic tensile strengths and were higher than that of sawdust. The properties of the sugarcane bagasse composites compared well with other natural fiber-reinforced composites.

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Fiberboards Made from Corn Stalk Thermomechanical Pulp and Kraft Lignin as a Green Adhesive

Cited by 39 publications

References 38 publications

Lignocellulosic Composites Prepared Utilizing Aqueous Alkaline/Urea Solutions with Cold Temperatures

Comparison of the Properties of Fiberboard Composites with Bamboo Green, Wood, or their Combination as the Fibrous Raw Material

Toward Complete Utilization of Miscanthus in a Hot-Water Extraction-Based Biorefinery

Starch-Based Biopolymer Reinforced with High Yield Fibers from Sugarcane Bagasse as a Technical and Environmentally Friendly Alternative to High Density Polyethylene

Tensile Strength Assessment of Injection-Molded High Yield Sugarcane Bagasse-Reinforced Polypropylene

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