Fiber Optic Sensors: Short Review and Applications

Abstract

An extensive review of optical fiber sensors and the most beneficial applications is presented in this chapter. Although electrical sensing technologies have been successfully deployed in countless applications, the introduction of optical sensing, engineers and scientists can now perform measurements that were previously impractical or, in some cases, impossible with conventional electrical sensors. At present, many real-world applications already use both approaches to combine both benefits. The inherent advantages of fiber optic sensors such as lightweight, small size, passive, low attenuation, immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI), wide bandwidth and environmental ruggedness were heavily used to offset their major disadvantages of high cost. Thus Fiber optic sensors (FOSs) have boosted the utility and demand for optical sensors in various military, industry and social fields. FOSs show reliable and rigid sensing tasks over conventional electrical and electronic sensors.

Quantitative and Selective Surface Plasmon Resonance Response Based on a Reduced Graphene Oxide–Polyamidoamine Nanocomposite for Detection of Dengue Virus E-Proteins

“…A study using TOF revealed the successful detection of dengue virus (DENV) at 1 pM within 15 min [15]. However, this sensor requires precise alignment, high cleanliness and maintenance, and very careful handling, since the fibers can break easily [16,17]. To address these downsides, researchers are exploring the SPR sensor which has a low cost, is simple to use and environment-friendly, and provides high accuracy and fast measurements [18][19][20][21][22].…”

A Review of Using Few-Mode Fibers for Optical Sensing

“…Such unique capabilities make fiber optics the preferred sensing platform in a myriad of fields, including oil and gas industry [3], structural health monitoring [4], healthcare sector [5], among others [6], [7]. Generally, FOSs can be classified based on the measurand's spatial distribution to include point, integrated, quasi-distributed, and distributed sensors [8]. The majority of such FOSs are based on single-mode fiber (SMF), which can be standard SMF, photonic-crystal fiber (PCF) [9], or polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) [10].…”

Study on multiple waveguide platforms for waveguide integrated Raman spectroscopy

“…Optical sensors and fiber optic sensors have some inherent advantages compared with their electrical counterparts: they can provide high selectivity, immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI), a wide dynamic range, easy multiplexing and the possibility to be deployed in hostile environments thanks to their electrical and chemical inertness [1,2]. By measuring intensity, phase and/or refractive index changes, optical sensors can sense a wide variety of parameters, including temperature, pressure, vibration, and presence of specific chemical species [1,3].…”