Fiber Bragg gratings in hydrogen-loaded photosensitive fiber with two regeneration regimes

Polz, Leonhard; Nguyen, Quang Dung; Bartelt, Hartmut; Roths, Johannes

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2013.09.061

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Above ~430 °C, a rapid decrease in reflection peak power was observed up to the regeneration temperature of 500 °C for the FBG in H 2 -loaded PS1250/1500 fiber. The behavior of the FBGs in H 2 -loaded PS1250/1500 fiber exhibiting two regeneration temperature regimes is very similar to that of the FBGs in H 2 -loaded GF1B fibers reported by Polz et al [35]. In contrast, for the FBGs in H 2 -loaded SMF28 fiber, only one regeneration regime above 900 °C was observed by the authors and other researchers [31,35].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The trend of a negative shift in the Bragg wavelength for both seed grating and its regenerated grating is similar to that for the grating in H 2 -loaded SMF-28 fiber reported in our previous work [31] and also similar to that observed for regenerated type-IIA gratings [38]. However, it is inconsistent with other researchers’ observations that have shown a trend of a positive shift in the Bragg wavelength for the gratings in photosensitive fibers with different dopant composition and concentrations [35,37,39]. …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

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An Improved Metal-Packaged Strain Sensor Based on A Regenerated Fiber Bragg Grating in Hydrogen-Loaded Boron–Germanium Co-Doped Photosensitive Fiber for High-Temperature Applications

Zhou

et al. 2017

Sensors

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Local strain measurements are considered as an effective method for structural health monitoring of high-temperature components, which require accurate, reliable and durable sensors. To develop strain sensors that can be used in higher temperature environments, an improved metal-packaged strain sensor based on a regenerated fiber Bragg grating (RFBG) fabricated in hydrogen (H2)-loaded boron–germanium (B–Ge) co-doped photosensitive fiber is developed using the process of combining magnetron sputtering and electroplating, addressing the limitation of mechanical strength degradation of silica optical fibers after annealing at a high temperature for regeneration. The regeneration characteristics of the RFBGs and the strain characteristics of the sensor are evaluated. Numerical simulation of the sensor is conducted using a three-dimensional finite element model. Anomalous decay behavior of two regeneration regimes is observed for the FBGs written in H2-loaded B–Ge co-doped fiber. The strain sensor exhibits good linearity, stability and repeatability when exposed to constant high temperatures of up to 540 °C. A satisfactory agreement is obtained between the experimental and numerical results in strain sensitivity. The results demonstrate that the improved metal-packaged strain sensors based on RFBGs in H2-loaded B–Ge co-doped fiber provide great potential for high-temperature applications by addressing the issues of mechanical integrity and packaging.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

An Improved Metal-Packaged Strain Sensor Based on A Regenerated Fiber Bragg Grating in Hydrogen-Loaded Boron–Germanium Co-Doped Photosensitive Fiber for High-Temperature Applications

Zhou

et al. 2017

Sensors

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“…The used fibres were not

H_{2}

loaded. One Type I FBG was regenerated [26], and with this grating temperature, calibration measurements between room temperature and 1000

^{\circ}

C were performed using a high temperature oven “Pegasus plus 1200” from Isotech GmbH, Germany. During temperature calibration, the FBG was free floating inside one pocket of the oven, and the fibre was free of any external mechanical loads.…”

Section: Measurement Principle Of Fbgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This wavelength drift is assumed to be the dominant part of the measurement uncertainty, but this is acceptable because it is still small relative to the observed wavelength changes of the embedded FBGs, as can be seen in Section 4. The strain sensitivity of FBGs in GF1B optical fibre at room temperature was reported in [26,30] to be:

\frac{Δ λ}{λ} = k = 0.789

…”

Section: Measurement Principle Of Fbgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain Measurement in Aluminium Alloy during the Solidification Process Using Embedded Fibre Bragg Gratings

Weraneck

Heilmeier

Lindner

et al. 2016

Sensors

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In recent years, the observation of the behaviour of components during the production process and over their life cycle is of increasing importance. Structural health monitoring, for example of carbon composites, is state-of-the-art research. The usage of Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBGs) in this field is of major advantage. Another possible area of application is in foundries. The internal state of melts during the solidification process is of particular interest. By using embedded FBGs, temperature and stress can be monitored during the process. In this work, FBGs were embedded in aluminium alloys in order to observe the occurring strain. Two different FBG positions were chosen in the mould in order to compare its dependence. It was shown that FBGs can withstand the solidification process, although a compression in the range of one percent was measured, which is in agreement with the literature value. Furthermore, different lengths of the gratings were applied, and it was shown that shorter gratings result in more accurate measurements. The obtained results prove that FBGs are applicable as sensors for temperatures up to 740 °C.

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“…During inscription, the spectral response reflected by the FBG was detected with an SM125 interrogation system. From the spectra, the peak power and the Bragg wavelength was derived using a second order polynomial fit for the upper 50% of the peak data [10]. After inscription, the peak power values were calibrated to reflectivites by a transmission measurement, made with an amplified spontaneous emission source (ASE) and an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA), for each FBG, respectively.…”

Section: Inscription Of Seed Gratingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regeneration experiments with fibre Bragg gratings in hydrogen out-diffused fibres

et al. 2014

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The regeneration of fibre Bragg gratings (FBG) is supposed to be seeded by the relief of the in-frozen core cladding stress of the fibre. Earlier results lead to the assumption that the diffusion process of small atoms or molecules through the glass matrix is sufficient to seed regeneration of an FBG. To prove this theory, a regeneration experiment was performed with hydrogen loaded, pristine and out-diffused SMF28 fibers, respectively. For the FBG in an out-diffused fibre, the fibre was stored at room temperature after hydrogen loading to get rid of the total amount of hydrogen before FBG inscription. The FBG inscription experiments confirmed that the diffusion of hydrogen changes the fibre intrinsic stresses. From all three kinds of SMF28 fibers, one FBG was annealed with a stepwise temperature profile for regeneration. Only the FBG in hydrogen loaded fibre regenerated, what implies that the formation of hydroxyl groups is necessary for the regeneration process. The reduction of the in-frozen stress due to the hydrogen diffusion, in contrast, was not sufficient to seed regeneration.

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Fiber Bragg gratings in hydrogen-loaded photosensitive fiber with two regeneration regimes

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

An Improved Metal-Packaged Strain Sensor Based on A Regenerated Fiber Bragg Grating in Hydrogen-Loaded Boron–Germanium Co-Doped Photosensitive Fiber for High-Temperature Applications

An Improved Metal-Packaged Strain Sensor Based on A Regenerated Fiber Bragg Grating in Hydrogen-Loaded Boron–Germanium Co-Doped Photosensitive Fiber for High-Temperature Applications

Strain Measurement in Aluminium Alloy during the Solidification Process Using Embedded Fibre Bragg Gratings

Regeneration experiments with fibre Bragg gratings in hydrogen out-diffused fibres

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