Few-fJ/bit data transmissions using directly modulated lambda-scale embedded active region photonic-crystal lasers

Takeda, Koji; Sato, Tomonari; Shinya, Akihiko; Nozaki, Kengo; Kobayashi, Wataru; Taniyama, Hideaki; Notomi, Masaya; Hasebe, Koichi; Kakitsuka, Takaaki; Matsuo, Shinji

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2013.110

Cited by 231 publications

(133 citation statements)

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“…The suspended membrane structure of many photonic crystal laser designs leads to poor heat-sinking of the active region and renders it difficult to add electrical contacts. Hence, it has not been until recently that CW room temperature electrical pumped operation has been achieved in these lasers 59 . The much smaller active region in these latest devices has led to the lowest threshold currents for any CW semiconductor laser operating at room temperature.…”

Section: Small Laser Types and Their Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Again, the proximity of metals to the gain medium and the optical mode help to dissipate heat originating from high injection currents and high optical intensity. We performed simple thermal modelling of a photonic crystal semiconductor-air membrane laser 59 and a MIM structure with the semiconductor enclosed in silver (using CoventorWare software). We find that the thermal resistance from a small active region to a heat sink can be one to two orders of magnitude less for the MIM structure.…”

Section: Small Laser Types and Their Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photonic crystal lasers appear to offer an acceptable solution for this application, as they have moderate active region volumes, provide high Q thus permitting low threshold currents, can be coupled directly to waveguides, and will likely offer a reasonable modulation bandwidth at least into the tens of GHz. Recent electrically pumped photonic crystal lasers have indeed exceeded the 10 fJ energy target 59 . Metallic nano-cavity devices are another promising candidate 84 as they can have much smaller active regions than dielectric cavity lasers.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After many attempts by a number of groups 57,90,91 , recent work employing improved heat-sinking has shown that photonic crystal lasers are suitable for electrically pumped applications even though complex active/passive re-growth technology capable of forming wavelength scale features was required 59 . However, one can expect that established concepts for passive photonic crystals, e.g.…”

Section: Future Trends and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in small lasers

2014

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In recent years there have been significant advances in the size and characteristics of small lasers, i.e. lasers with dimensions or modes sizes close to or smaller than the wavelength of emitted light. This work has primarily been led by innovative use of new materials and cavity designs. This article reviews some of the latest developments, particularly in metallic and plasmonic lasers, improvements in small dielectric lasers, and the emerging area of small bio-compatible/bioderived lasers. We examine the different approaches employed in small lasers to reduce size and how they lead to significant differences , particularly between metal and dielectric cavity lasers. We present potential applications for the various forms of small lasers and indicate where further developments are required.

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Section: Small Laser Types and Their Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Small Laser Types and Their Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Trends and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in small lasers

2014

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“…Figure 2 (a) shows a schematic of our PhC-PD. The device consists of an InP PhC waveguide, a BH for embedding the InGaAs, and a lateral p-i-n junction [20]. The inset shows the fundamental waveguide mode profile, which was simulated with the finite-element method (FEM).…”

Section: Device Structure and Capacitancementioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-fF-Capacitance Photonic-Crystal Photodetector Towards fJ/bit On-Chip Receiver

Nozaki

Matsuo

Takeda

et al. 2017

IEICE Trans. Electron.

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SUMMARYAn ultra-compact InGaAs photodetector (PD) is demonstrated based on a photonic crystal (PhC) waveguide to meet the demand for a photoreceiver for future dense photonic integration. Although the PhC-PD has a length of only 1.7 μm and a capacitance of less than 1 fF, a high responsivity of 1 A/W was observed both theoretically and experimentally. This low capacitance PD allows us to expect a resistor-loaded receiver to be realized that requires no electrical amplifiers. We fabricated a resistor-loaded PhC-PD for light-to-voltage conversion, and demonstrated a kV/W efficiency with a GHz bandwidth without using amplifiers. This will lead to a photoreceiver with an ultralow energy consumption of less than 1 fJ/bit, which is a step along the road to achieving a dense photonic network and processor on a chip. key words: photonic crystal waveguide, photodetector, buried heterostructure, optical interconnection

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LED und Laserdioden

2020

Optik Und Photonik

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Few-fJ/bit data transmissions using directly modulated lambda-scale embedded active region photonic-crystal lasers

Cited by 231 publications

References 23 publications

Advances in small lasers

Advances in small lasers

Sub-fF-Capacitance Photonic-Crystal Photodetector Towards fJ/bit On-Chip Receiver

LED und Laserdioden

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