Fetuses of Obese Mothers Develop Insulin Resistance in Utero

Catalano, Patrick M.; Presley, Larraine; Minium, Judi; Mouzon, Sylvie Hauguel-de

doi:10.2337/dc08-2077

Cited by 581 publications

(516 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(32 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

444

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…22 The underlying mechanisms by which such factors interact with each other seem quite complex because of the interaction between some factors and the possibility of intergenerational effects. 34 Some of the significant factors associated with an increased placental and birth weight that were identified in this study include high maternal early-pregnancy BMI, maternal pregnancy weight gain, higher parity, older gestational age and higher placental and birth weight, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20,21 Second, we were unable to adjust for maternal glucose tolerance levels and physical activity levels, which have been associated with maternal and subsequent child adiposity levels. 22,23 Recent studies have shown that women, who are overweight or obese before pregnancy, have a marked decrease in insulin sensitivity during pregnancy resulting in a greater availability of lipids and glucose for the fetus. 24,25 At birth, such babies have higher cord concentrations of insulin and leptin and tend to have a higher fat mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Maternal and infant factors associated with neonatal adiposity: Results from the Tasmanian Infant Health Survey (TIHS)

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE:To examine the maternal and neonatal factors associated with offspring adiposity and the role of birth and placental weight as potential mediators in such associations. DESIGN: The Tasmanian Infant Health Survey was a prospective cohort study conducted between 1988 and 1995 in Australia to investigate the cause of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. This large infant cohort provides measurement of skinfolds on 7945 mothers and their offspring. SUBJECTS: Participants included singletons born X37 weeks gestation who were at high risk of sudden infant death syndrome identified through a composite score that included birth weight, maternal age, neonatal gender, season of birth, duration of second-stage labor and intention to breastfeed. MEASUREMENTS: Neonatal adiposity was assessed from skinfold measurements of the subscapular (SSF) and triceps folds (TSF) taken at birth. Maternal early-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was calculated from self-reported height and weight. Neonatal data were extracted from birth records. Data relating to other environmental exposures were obtained from questionnaires administered when neonates were B4-days old. RESULTS: In multivariable models, higher maternal adiposity, increasing maternal age, gestation age, delivery by Caesarian section and female gender were associated with larger SSF independent of placental and birth weight (Po0.001). Maternal age and delivery by Caesarian section were significantly associated with larger TSF, whereas gestational age and male gender were associated with thinner TSF independent of placental and birth weight. Higher early-pregnancy BMI, maternal weight gain, maternal age, parity and gestational age were significantly associated with larger placental and birth weight. Smoking during pregnancy was associated with smaller birth weight but not with placental weight. CONCLUSION: In addition to birth weight, maternal adiposity and placental weight were important additional factors associated with neonatal adiposity.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and infant factors associated with neonatal adiposity: Results from the Tasmanian Infant Health Survey (TIHS)

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Body composition of the mother during gestation may affect offspring development. In humans, babies born from obese mothers have increased body fat percentage, higher rates of diabetes and higher rates of insulin resistance (Hull et al, 2008;Catalano et al, 2009). However, little is known about maternal feed level and body condition interactions during pregnancy and how they influence offspring growth and development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal backfat depth in gestating sows has a greater influence on offspring growth and carcass lean yield than maternal feed allocation during gestation

Amdi

Giblin

Ryan

et al. 2014

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A commercial pig spends nearly half of its life in utero and its nutrition during this time can influence birth weight and postnatal growth. We hypothesised that postnatal growth is increased in pigs raised by sows with a high backfat depth and high level of energy intake during gestation compared with sows with a low backfat depth and low level of energy intake during gestation. This was tested in a 2 × 3 factorial design experiment with 2 factors for gilt backfat depth (Thin and Fat) and 3 factors for gestation feed allowance (Restricted, Control and High). Between d 25 and d 90 of gestation, Thin gilts (n = 68; 12 ± 0.6 mm P2 backfat) and Fat gilts ( n = 72; 19 ± 0.6 mm P2 backfat) were randomly allocated, as individuals, to a gestation diet (6.19 g/kg lysine, 13.0 MJ DE/kg) at the following feed allowances: 1.8 kg/day (Restricted); 2.5 kg/day (Control) and 3.5 kg/day (High). For the remainder of gestation and during lactation all gilts were treated similarly. At weaning (day 28), 155 piglets were sacrificed and 272 were individually housed and followed through to slaughter (day 158). At day 80 of gestation, fasted Thin Restricted gilts had lower serum IGF-1 concentrations than Thin High or Thin Control fed gilts ( P < 0.001). Pigs born from Fat gilts had greater backfat depths ( P < 0.05), a lower lean meat yield ( P < 0.05) and were heavier ( P < 0.05) at slaughter than pigs born from Thin gilts. Gilt gestation feed allowance had only transitory effects on average daily gain and feed conversion efficiency and had no effect on pig weight at slaughter ( P > 0.05) or lean meat yield ( P > 0.05). In conclusion, gilts with a backfat depth of~19 mm at insemination produced pigs that were heavier and fatter at~158 days of age than those born from gilts with~12 mm backfat depth at insemination. Maternal body condition during gestation had a more predominant influence on growth parameters of the offspring, such as weight at slaughter and backfat depth, than did feed level during gestation.

show abstract

“…While this could be the result of shared genetic predisposition and a similar lifestyle, there is now increasing evidence suggesting that an obesogenic uterine environment is of major importance in modulating long-term risk of adiposity and related outcomes. This evidence includes several reports that suggest that children of obese mothers have a higher risk of obesity than children of obese fathers (22)(23)(24) . Also, children born to formerly obese women who had undergone bariatric surgery leading to weight loss, had only half the risk of becoming obese as compared with their older brothers and sisters who had been born prior to bariatric surgery and hence under a less favourable prenatal metabolic and endocrine environment (25) .…”

Section: Fuel-mediated In Utero Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Early nutrition programming of long-term health

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing evidence from the EU Project EARNEST and many other investigators demonstrates that early nutrition and lifestyle have long-term effects on later health and the risk of common non-communicable diseases (known as 'developmental programming'). Because of the increasing public health importance and the transgenerational nature of the problem, obesity and associated disorders are the focus of the new EU funded project 'EarlyNutrition'. Currently, three key hypotheses have been defined: the fuel mediated 'in utero' hypothesis suggests that intrauterine exposure to an excess of fuels, most notably glucose, causes permanent changes of the fetus that lead to obesity in postnatal life; the accelerated postnatal weight gain hypothesis proposes an association between rapid weight gain in infancy and an increased risk of later obesity and adverse outcomes; and the mismatch hypothesis suggests that experiencing a developmental 'mismatch' between a sub-optimal perinatal and an obesogenic childhood environment is related to a particular predisposition to obesity and corresponding co-morbidities. Using existing cohort studies, ongoing and novel intervention studies and a basic science programme to investigate those key hypotheses, project EarlyNutrition will provide the scientific foundations for evidence-based recommendations for optimal nutrition considering long-term health outcomes, with a focus on obesity and related disorders. Scientific and technical expertise in placental biology, epigenetics and metabolomics will provide understanding at the cellular and molecular level of the relationships between early life nutritional status and the risk of later adiposity. This will help refine strategies for intervention in early life to prevent obesity.Early nutrition: Developmental programming: Obesity and related disorders:

show abstract

Fetuses of Obese Mothers Develop Insulin Resistance in Utero

Cited by 581 publications

References 25 publications

Maternal and infant factors associated with neonatal adiposity: Results from the Tasmanian Infant Health Survey (TIHS)

Maternal and infant factors associated with neonatal adiposity: Results from the Tasmanian Infant Health Survey (TIHS)

Maternal backfat depth in gestating sows has a greater influence on offspring growth and carcass lean yield than maternal feed allocation during gestation

Early nutrition programming of long-term health

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About