Fertility Transition in the Developing World

Bongaarts, John; Hodgson, Dennis

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-11840-1

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Following this premise, substantial efforts were put in place, resources mobilised and commitments made to mainstream family planning in the development discourse of almost all developing countries of the world. These efforts have resulted in substantial increase in the use of family planning methods and decrease in fertility (Bongaarts and Hodgson, 2022). The present analysis, however, suggests that when it comes to satisfying the diverse and the dynamic demand for family planning, international, national, local and individual commitments appear to have fallen short of expectations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The index p presents a different perspective of family planning progress than the traditionally used contraceptive prevalence (CPR) or modern methods prevalence (mCPR) or the recently recommended demand satisfied by modern methods (MDM) which is also one of the progress indicators of Goal 3.7 of the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda (United Nations, 2015). The rationale for using CPR or mCPR to chart family planning progress may be traced to the strong negative relationship between CPR or mCPR and total fertility rate (TFR) based either on cross-country data (Bongaarts, 1978;Bongaarts and Potter, 1983;Ross and Mauldin, 1996;Jain, 1997;Tsui, 2001;Stover, 1998;United Nations, 2020) or on longitudinal data (Bongaarts and Hodgson, 2022). Many country-specific studies, especially in the context of sub-Saharan Africa, however, have highlighted the inconsistency between CPR and TFR (United Nations, 2020; Westoff and Bankole, 2001;Adamchak and Mbizvo, 1990;Bongaarts, 1987;Thomas and Mercer, 1995;Jurczynska, Kuang and Smith, 2016;Jain et al, 2014).…”

Section: Composite Family Planning Progress Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many country-specific studies, especially in the context of sub-Saharan Africa, however, have highlighted the inconsistency between CPR and TFR (United Nations, 2020; Westoff and Bankole, 2001;Adamchak and Mbizvo, 1990;Bongaarts, 1987;Thomas and Mercer, 1995;Jurczynska, Kuang and Smith, 2016;Jain et al, 2014). There are studies that have attempted to explain this inconsistency (Bongaarts, 2015;2017;Biestsch et al, 2021;Choi et al, 2018;Bongaarts and Hodgson, 2022). Srinivasan (1993) has argued that the CPR-TFR relationship may also be influenced by targeting family planning efforts.…”

Section: Composite Family Planning Progress Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Family Planning Progress in 113 Countries Using a New Composite Progress Index

Chaurasia¹

2023

JP&S

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This paper analyses family planning progress in 113 countries in the context of meeting the demand for family planning through a composite progress index that measures progress in three dimensions – demand for permanent methods, demand for modern spacing methods and expansion of method choice – following the progress triangle approach. This paper suggests that in more than forty per cent of countries analysed, family planning progress remains far from satisfactory in meeting the family planning demand and there is substantial inter-country variation in the progress. In some countries, progress appears to have reversed. The inter-country variation in family planning progress is primarily the result of inter-country variation in meeting the demand for permanent methods. The analysis calls for the reinvigoration of family planning efforts to meet the target set under the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda and the FP2030 initiative.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Composite Family Planning Progress Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Composite Family Planning Progress Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Family Planning Progress in 113 Countries Using a New Composite Progress Index

Chaurasia¹

2023

JP&S

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“…The population age structure will be changed and developing country will get direct economic benefits due to the fertility decline (Bongaarts & Hodgson, 2022) as result of transition. Fertility decline has been accompanied by change in socio-cultural values of children, higher involvement of women outside and foreign employment and significant changes in social norms resulting decreased gender inequality in education and employment (Pande, et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Women’s Status in Fertility Transition of Nepal

Satyal

2023

Asian J. Pop. Sci.

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Assessing the relationship of fertility transition with different socio-economic situation of women is the overall purpose of this study. Fertility is primarily natural demographic determinant; however, it is affected by different social, economic and demographic phenomena. This study aimed to assess the changing fertility pattern (TFR and CBR) relating to the socioeconomic and demographic status of women in case of Nepal. Literacy status, health services, employment pattern, age at marriage, foreign migration (social determinants of population change) inequality aspects of women are considered as the socioeconomic and demographic aspects determines the pace of change of fertility rate and measured by the linear regression equation and multiple regression analysis. Quantitative and descriptive analysis is used to demonstrate the relationship examined and assessed through secondary data. The output of the statistical test is found that there is strong negative relationship (more than -0.90) with more than 80 per cent of explaining variability of fertility rate of Nepal by these independent (socioeconomic and demographic) variables. Finally, as literacy rate, age at marriage, economically activeness, life expectancy of female are found in increasing pattern with advancement of Nepalese society, CBR and TFR both are found in decreasing trends along with reduction on gender inequality.

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“…But also in Africa, declining TFR is associated with increasing use of modern contraceptives (cf. figure 3.4 in Bongaarts & Hodgson, 2022).…”

Section: Fertility and Modern Contraceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving sustainable population: Fertility decline in many developing countries follows modern contraception, not economic growth

Götmark

Andersson

2022

Sustainable Development

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The human population is projected to increase by 2.4 billion to 2100, endangering, for example, food security and biodiversity. Population growth depends strongly on fertility level, lowering of which is often assumed to depend on economic growth.Here we test this hypothesis using data from 136 developing countries, 1970-2014.We formed four country groups at different initial economy, and used graphical analyses, with estimates of variation. Falling fertility rates 1970-2000 showed little or no association with economy (GDP or household consumption). Fertility decreased regardless of whether the economy grew, was stagnant, or declined. But falling fertility was closely associated with increasing use of modern contraception, which was largely independent of changes in economy. Fertility decline hence was not caused by economic development, but followed contraceptive use. Family planning programs, with advice on family size and modern contraception, offer promising routes to sustainably low fertility where it has not yet been achieved.

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Fertility Transition in the Developing World

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Family Planning Progress in 113 Countries Using a New Composite Progress Index

Family Planning Progress in 113 Countries Using a New Composite Progress Index

Effect of Women’s Status in Fertility Transition of Nepal

Achieving sustainable population: Fertility decline in many developing countries follows modern contraception, not economic growth

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