Feminizing adrenal tumors: Our experience about three cases

Chentli, F.; Bekkaye, Ilyes; Yahiaoui, S.; Souidi, Sabrina; Fedala, N.S.; Azzoug, S.

doi:10.4103/2230-8210.111669

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…24 In humans, gynaecomastia associated with feminising adrenal tumours is usually secondary to hyperoestrogenism, although other hormones such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate (DHEAS) and androstenedione have been reported. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Excess androgens can be aromatised peripherally to oestradiol, leading to clinical signs of hyperoestrogenism. Progesterone-producing adrenal tumours are extremely rare in humans, with four cases reported in women with secondary amenorrhoea or oligomenorrhoea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynaecomastia in a male neutered cat with an adrenal tumour and associated hyperprogesteronism, hypercortisolism and hyperaldosteronism

Lenord²,

Lau

et al. 2021

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summary A 7-year-old male neutered domestic longhair cat was presented with chronic progressive gynaecomastia, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss and poor fur regrowth. Sexualised behavioural changes were not reported and virilisation was not present on physical examination. Pertinent haematology, biochemistry and urinalysis findings at the time of referral included mild hypokalaemia. Left adrenomegaly and mild prostatomegaly were identified on a CT scan. Evaluation of adrenal hormones with a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test, serum progesterone, testosterone, oestradiol, plasma aldosterone, renin, plasma metanephrine and normetanephrine measurement supported a diagnosis of hyperprogesteronism, hyperaldosteronism and hypercortisolism. Adrenalectomy was performed and histopathology was consistent with an adrenocortical tumour. Clinical signs and hormone elevations resolved postoperatively. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the second report of gynaecomastia secondary to an adrenal tumour in a male neutered cat and the first associated with hyperprogesteronism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynaecomastia in a male neutered cat with an adrenal tumour and associated hyperprogesteronism, hypercortisolism and hyperaldosteronism

Lenord²,

Lau

et al. 2021

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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“…In boys, GM is the most common symptom, present in 98% of cases. This is attributed to tumor secretion of large amounts of androstenedione, which is converted into estrone by peripheral tissue aromatase [ 3 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Etiology Of Gm In Adolescent Boys ( Table 1 ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynecomastia in adolescent males: current understanding of its etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment

Metwalley,

Farghaly

2024

Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab

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Gynecomastia (GM) is a common and continuously evolving condition that commonly occurs during adolescence. It is the source of significant embarrassment and psychological stress in adolescent males. GM is characterized by enlargement of the male breast due to the proliferation of glandular ducts and stromal components. The main cause of GM during adolescence is physiological or pubertal GM, which is primarily attributed to an imbalance between estrogen and androgen activity. Physiological GM is typically transient and resolves within several months, although it may take several years to resolve. GM may also be caused by other pathological conditions and could be indicative of an endocrine disease. It is crucial to understand the pathogenesis of GM to distinguish it from normal developmental variants due to pathological causes. The aim of this review is to highlight the significance of GM during adolescence in terms of potential etiologies, clinical and laboratory diagnoses, and current management.

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“…[ 1 2 3 ] Feminizing adrenal tumors are very rare, accounting for less than 2% of all the adrenal neoplasms and have poor prognosis. [ 4 ]…”

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confidence: 99%

Increased F-FDG uptake in bilateral gynecomastia secondary to feminizing adrenal tumor: A rare case report and review of literature

et al. 2017

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A 21 year old male who presented with painful enlargement of both the breasts and a hyperestrogenic state, was found to harbor a heterogeneous mass arising from the right adrenal on contrast enhanced Computed Tomography abdomen. The mass was hypermetabolic with no regional, nodal or distant metastases on Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography /Computed Tomography examination. Notably, substantial tracer uptake was seen in bilateral gynecomastia. The patient underwent a right adrenalectomy with the histopathology report confirming adrenocortical carcinoma. This case demonstrates utility of FDG PET/CT in adrenocortical carcinoma. However, when interpreting FDG PET/CT as a staging tool in oncological male patients, one should consider gynecomastia as a possible cause for increased FDG uptake in the breast as it may lead to a false positive interpretation.

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Feminizing adrenal tumors: Our experience about three cases

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Gynaecomastia in a male neutered cat with an adrenal tumour and associated hyperprogesteronism, hypercortisolism and hyperaldosteronism

Gynaecomastia in a male neutered cat with an adrenal tumour and associated hyperprogesteronism, hypercortisolism and hyperaldosteronism

Gynecomastia in adolescent males: current understanding of its etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment

Increased F-FDG uptake in bilateral gynecomastia secondary to feminizing adrenal tumor: A rare case report and review of literature

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