Female multiple copulations among wild Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in Qinling, China

Dominance rank of adult females and mating competition in Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in the Qinling Mountains, China

“…High-ranking R. roxellana females exhibited greater mating frequencies than did the lowranking females, which suggests high-ranking females were more attractive to the breeding male. Although reproductive skew theory was initially defined for insects and birds [7,11], the concept of dominance based on aggression in mammalian social structures [20,21,44] has been highlighted in many primate species recently [45]. In this study, the relational result on social behavior in the Sichuan snubnosed monkey group was consistent with that observed in gelada baboons [13] and the predictions of the reproductive skew theory.…”

Dominance rank of adult females and mating competition in Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in the Qinling Mountains, China

“…High-ranking R. roxellana females exhibited greater mating frequencies than did the lowranking females, which suggests high-ranking females were more attractive to the breeding male. Although reproductive skew theory was initially defined for insects and birds [7,11], the concept of dominance based on aggression in mammalian social structures [20,21,44] has been highlighted in many primate species recently [45]. In this study, the relational result on social behavior in the Sichuan snubnosed monkey group was consistent with that observed in gelada baboons [13] and the predictions of the reproductive skew theory.…”

Reproductive parameters in Guizhou snub‐nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus brelichi)

“…Sexual behavior outside the mating season was also observed in other seasonally breeding primate species, e.g. Macaca thibetana at Huangshan, China , or R. roxellana [Li & Zhao, 2005Zhang et al, 2000].…”

Interspecific association of sika deer in terrestrial animal communities of Liancheng National Nature Reserve, China

“…2022; Liu et al. 2022). A 2 × 2 contingency table was created for the calculation of phi coefficient (Table 2).…”

“…2021; Liu et al. 2022) and is calculated as follows: $$$$\begin{equation} H = \ - \mathop \sum \limits_{{\rm{i\ }} = \ 1}^S {{\rm{{\rm P}}}}_{\rm{i}} \times \ \ln \left( {{{\rm{P}}}_{\rm{i}}} \right)\end{equation}$$$$where S is the total number of species pairs in the community; P i is the proportion of the association coefficient of species pair i over the total association coefficients in the community, and $${{\rm{P}}}_\mathfrak{i}{\rm{\ = \ }}{r}_{\emptyset \mathfrak{i}}\ / \mathop \sum \nolimits_{{\rm{i\ }} = \ 1}^s {r}_{\emptyset \mathfrak{i}}$$. A larger H indicates more complex spatial relationships in the community, higher community stability, and greater resistance to disturbance.…”

Dominance rank of adult females and mating competition in Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in the Qinling Mountains, China

“…High-ranking R. roxellana females exhibited greater mating frequencies than did the lowranking females, which suggests high-ranking females were more attractive to the breeding male. Although reproductive skew theory was initially defined for insects and birds [7,11], the concept of dominance based on aggression in mammalian social structures [20,21,44] has been highlighted in many primate species recently [45]. In this study, the relational result on social behavior in the Sichuan snubnosed monkey group was consistent with that observed in gelada baboons [13] and the predictions of the reproductive skew theory.…”

Reproductive parameters in Guizhou snub‐nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus brelichi)

“…Sexual behavior outside the mating season was also observed in other seasonally breeding primate species, e.g. Macaca thibetana at Huangshan, China , or R. roxellana [Li & Zhao, 2005Zhang et al, 2000].…”

Interspecific association of sika deer in terrestrial animal communities of Liancheng National Nature Reserve, China

“…2022; Liu et al. 2022). A 2 × 2 contingency table was created for the calculation of phi coefficient (Table 2).…”

“…2021; Liu et al. 2022) and is calculated as follows: $$$$\begin{equation} H = \ - \mathop \sum \limits_{{\rm{i\ }} = \ 1}^S {{\rm{{\rm P}}}}_{\rm{i}} \times \ \ln \left( {{{\rm{P}}}_{\rm{i}}} \right)\end{equation}$$$$where S is the total number of species pairs in the community; P i is the proportion of the association coefficient of species pair i over the total association coefficients in the community, and $${{\rm{P}}}_\mathfrak{i}{\rm{\ = \ }}{r}_{\emptyset \mathfrak{i}}\ / \mathop \sum \nolimits_{{\rm{i\ }} = \ 1}^s {r}_{\emptyset \mathfrak{i}}$$. A larger H indicates more complex spatial relationships in the community, higher community stability, and greater resistance to disturbance.…”

Dominance rank of adult females and mating competition in Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in the Qinling Mountains, China

“…High-ranking R. roxellana females exhibited greater mating frequencies than did the lowranking females, which suggests high-ranking females were more attractive to the breeding male. Although reproductive skew theory was initially defined for insects and birds [7,11], the concept of dominance based on aggression in mammalian social structures [20,21,44] has been highlighted in many primate species recently [45]. In this study, the relational result on social behavior in the Sichuan snubnosed monkey group was consistent with that observed in gelada baboons [13] and the predictions of the reproductive skew theory.…”

Reproductive parameters in Guizhou snub‐nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus brelichi)

“…Sexual behavior outside the mating season was also observed in other seasonally breeding primate species, e.g. Macaca thibetana at Huangshan, China , or R. roxellana [Li & Zhao, 2005Zhang et al, 2000].…”

Interspecific association of sika deer in terrestrial animal communities of Liancheng National Nature Reserve, China

“…2022; Liu et al. 2022). A 2 × 2 contingency table was created for the calculation of phi coefficient (Table 2).…”

“…2021; Liu et al. 2022) and is calculated as follows: $$$$\begin{equation} H = \ - \mathop \sum \limits_{{\rm{i\ }} = \ 1}^S {{\rm{{\rm P}}}}_{\rm{i}} \times \ \ln \left( {{{\rm{P}}}_{\rm{i}}} \right)\end{equation}$$$$where S is the total number of species pairs in the community; P i is the proportion of the association coefficient of species pair i over the total association coefficients in the community, and $${{\rm{P}}}_\mathfrak{i}{\rm{\ = \ }}{r}_{\emptyset \mathfrak{i}}\ / \mathop \sum \nolimits_{{\rm{i\ }} = \ 1}^s {r}_{\emptyset \mathfrak{i}}$$. A larger H indicates more complex spatial relationships in the community, higher community stability, and greater resistance to disturbance.…”