Feeding high-oleic peanuts to meat-type broiler chickens enhances the fatty acid profile of the meat produced

Abstract

Early feeding trials using peanut meal prepared from normal-oleic peanuts helped to identify peanuts as a suitable alternative feed ingredient for poultry. Yet no studies to date have examined the use of high-oleic peanuts ( HO-PN ) as a feed ingredient for meat type chickens. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of feeding whole unblanched HO-PN on the fatty acid profile of the meat produced from broilers. At hatch male chicks were randomly placed in raised wire cages, in 10 replicate pens per treatment with 10 chicks per pen, and fed with one of the 3 isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets ad libitum for 42 days: (1) conventional control of soybean meal + corn, (2) 10 to 12% HO-PN and corn diet, or (3) control diet spiked with ≈6.0% oleic acid oil. All body weights ( BW ) were collected, and broiler selection for processing was determined by individual BW within one-half a standard deviation of the experiment 42-D mean BW, with one bird selected per pen (10 replicate pens per treatment, 3 treatments, 10 birds selected per treatment, yielding a total sample size of 30 birds). Performance was determined weekly and breast samples were analyzed for fatty acid and amino acid profile. All data was analyzed using analysis of variance, with t-test mean comparisons at P < 0.05. BW were similar between broilers fed the HO-PN and control diet, while feed conversion ratio of broilers fed the HO-PN diet was significantly higher at weeks 2, 4, and 6 in comparison to the other treatments ( P ≤ 0.03). Broilers fed with HO-PN diet had reduced carcass and pectoralis major weights in comparison to the other treatments. Chicken breast from broilers fed the HO-PN diet had significantly reduced saturated and trans fatty acid content in comparison to the controls ( P ≤ 0.0002). Although additional studies must be conducted, this study suggests that feeding whole unblanched HO-PN to broiler chickens may serve as a means to enrich the meat produced with unsaturated fatty acids.

Latent Anti-nutrients and Unintentional Breeding Consequences in Australian Sorghum bicolor Varieties

“…White varieties are similarly dominated by oleic and linoleic acids but at slightly higher proportions ( Afify et al, 2012 ). Broiler chickens fed diets high in oleic acid were found to have a higher FCR, as well as reduced muscle and carcass weights ( Toomer et al, 2003 ). Similar long chain fatty acids have also been shown to inhibit enzyme activity which could result in muted responses of exogenous feed enzymes ( Kido et al, 1984 ).…”

Comprehensive approach to dietary inclusion of high oleic soybean oil in monogastrics

“…Crespo and Esteve-Garcia ( 2001) reported that feeding broilers a diet with increased amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids reduced the rate of abdominal fat deposition in broilers. Toomer et al (2020) found that broilers fed high oleic peanuts exhibited lighter carcasses and yielded smaller portions of breast meat, than broilers fed a more conventional corn-soy diet. As sales of chicken meat have shifted from a whole carcass basis to individual parts and pieces, it is critical producers and processors continuously monitor changes in part/portion yield (Toomer et al, 2020).…”

“…Moreover, replacement of lard with perilla seed oil, which is similar to linseed oil in fatty acid composition, within the diet of yellow-feathered had no impact on animal growth, or feed intake (Cui et al, 2019). Toomer et al, (2020) found feeding broilers high oleic peanuts had no impact on feed efficiency, or final body weight. Based on the above, the potential exists to modified dietary fatty acid composition without negatively impacting broiler efficiency and growth.…”

“…Lipids sourced from plants and animals, in the form of storage and structural lipids, are utilized for feedstuffs (Rossi et a., 2010). Livestock diets in the United States traditionally utilize corn and soybean meal to meet the nutritional needs of livestock (Toomer et al, 2020).…”

“…Haug et al (2014) increased the omega-3 content of breast meat by replacing soybean oil with linseed oil as the fat source in broiler diets. Toomer et al (2020) explored the use of high oleic peanuts, another novel feed ingredient, in the diets of broilers. Breast meat from broilers fed high oleic peanuts had an increase in the proportion of monosaturated fatty acids to 55 percent, compared to just 35 percent found in breast meat from birds receiving a more traditional corn-soy diet (Toomer et al, 2020).…”