Fecal metagenomics and metabolomics reveal gut microbial changes after bariatric surgery

Yu, Danxia; Shu, Xiao‐Ou; Howard, Eric F.; Long, Jirong; English, Wayne J.; Flynn, Charles R.

doi:10.1016/j.soard.2020.06.032

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Our results showed that bariatric surgery modified the gut microbiota profile of the patients with severe obesity, as previously reported [26][27][28][29]. At the phylum level, bariatric surgery reduced the abundance of Firmicutes phylum, whereas Proteobacteria showed an opposite pattern, reinforcing previous studies [30,31]. High concentrations of Firmicutes have been related with greater metabolic degradation of energy sources, which results in an increase of caloric absorption and, consequently, more weight gain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Long-Term Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota Composition and Faecal Metabolome Related to Obesity Remission

et al. 2021

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Obesity is one of the main worldwide public health concerns whose clinical management demands new therapeutic approaches. Bariatric surgery is the most efficient treatment when other therapies have previously failed. Due to the role of gut microbiota in obesity development, the knowledge of the link between bariatric surgery and gut microbiota could elucidate new mechanistic approaches. This study aims to evaluate the long-term effects of bariatric surgery in the faecal metagenome and metabolome of patients with severe obesity. Faecal and blood samples were collected before and four years after the intervention from patients with severe obesity. Biochemical, metagenomic and metabolomic analyses were performed and faecal short-chain fatty acids were measured. Bariatric surgery improved the obesity-related status of patients and significantly reshaped gut microbiota composition. Moreover, this procedure was associated with a specific metabolome profile characterized by a reduction in energetic and amino acid metabolism. Acetate, butyrate and propionate showed a significant reduction with bariatric surgery. Finally, correlation analysis suggested the existence of a long-term compositional and functional gut microbiota profile associated with the intervention. In conclusion, bariatric surgery triggered long-lasting effects on gut microbiota composition and faecal metabolome that could be associated with the remission of obesity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Long-Term Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota Composition and Faecal Metabolome Related to Obesity Remission

et al. 2021

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“…Increased prevalence of Roseburia (88) and Akkermansia were reported in association with medical weight loss (89). Although transient changes were observed at 3 months after medical weight loss, the gut microbiota composition had a tendency to return to baseline composition after 1 year (81) Firmicutes (78) Fusobacteria (73,75) Bifidobacteriaceae (73) Proteobacteria (73,75,78) Anaerostipes (78) Akkermansia (79,80) Bacteroides (79) Alistipes (97) Bifidobacterium (73,97) Bacteroides (97) Blautia (76,80,97) Citrobacter (78,80) Faecalibacterium (78,98) Fusobacterium (73) Coprococcus comes (78) Granulicatella (73,80) Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (75,78) Klebsiella (79,80) Streptococcus salivarius (98) Streptococcus (76,79,80,98) Veillonella (73,76,78,80) Alistipes shahii (75,79) Streptococcus parasanguinis (75,79) Streptococcus salivarius (75) Streptococcus thermophiles (75,79) Veillonella dispar (75,78) Veillonella parvula (75,78) SG Bacteroidetes (81) Firmicutes (74) Fusobacteria (74) Bifidobacteriaceae (73,74) Akkermansia (73,…”

Section: Microbiomes and Bariatric Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a single study, fecal A. muciniphila levels were negatively correlated with asthma severity independent of BMI, and both acute and chronic murine models suggested that A. muciniphila conferred protection against airway hyperreactivity and inflammation (95). A. muciniphila ’s role in airway health merits attention, as this species was reported to increase after RYGB and SG (75,77,79). Lower abundances of Alistipes (34), Veillonella , and Faecalibacterium (31) were associated with increased risk of asthma in infants.…”

Section: Bariatric Surgery Microbiome Alterations and Asthma Concurmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gut microbiota alterations were observed as early as 1 month after surgery (74). Significant shifts were observed at 3 months (73,75‐79) and at 6 months (77,80). Interestingly, at 3 months, two studies reported an increase in microbiota commonly found in the oral cavity explained by an increase of gastrointestinal pH after RYGB (73,77).…”

Section: Microbiomes and Bariatric Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Gut/Lung Microbiome Axis in Obesity, Asthma, and Bariatric Surgery: A Literature Review

Kim

Womble

Gunsch

et al. 2021

Obesity

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Mounting evidence suggests that obesity, parameters of metabolic syndrome, and asthma are significantly associated. Interestingly, these conditions are also associated with microbiome dysbiosis, notably in the airway microbiome for patients with asthma and in the gut microbiome for patients with obesity and/or metabolic syndrome. Considering that improvements in asthma control, lung function, and airway hyperresponsiveness are often reported after bariatric surgery, this review investigated the potential role of bacterial gut and airway microbiome changes after bariatric surgery in ameliorating asthma symptoms. Rapid and persistent gut microbiota alterations were reported following surgery, some of which can be sustained for years. The gut microbiome is thought to modulate airway cellular responses via short-chain fatty acids and inflammatory mediators, such that increased propionate and butyrate levels following surgery may aid in reducing asthma symptoms. In addition, increased prevalence of Akkermansia muciniphila after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy may confer protection against airway hyperreactivity and inflammation. Metabolic syndrome parameters also improved following bariatric surgery, and whether weight-loss-independent metabolic changes affect airway processes and asthma pathobiology merits further research. Fulfilling knowledge gaps outlined in this review could facilitate the development of new therapeutic options for patients with obesity and asthma.

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“…For instance, Wilhelmi’s study reported that morbidly obese patients after sleeve gastrectomy had significantly increased serum metabolites related to polyamine metabolism, which might be associated to the postoperative resolution of metabolic syndrome [ 13 ]. Besides, Yu’s study found that the faecal microbiome and metabolites among patients after RYGB or SG surgery were significantly changed, which might be closely related to postoperative weight loss and metabolic improvement [ 14 ]. However, there were few studies reporting the metabolites alterations in animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characterization of metabolites alterations in white adipose tissue of diabetic GK Rats after ileal transposition surgery by an untargeted metabolomics approach

et al. 2021

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Dysfunction of adipose tissue could lead to insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes. Thus, our present study aimed to investigate metabolites alterations in white adipose tissue (WAT) of diabetic GK rats after IT surgery. Ten-week-old male diabetic GK rats were randomly subjected to IT and Sham-IT surgery. Six weeks later, the untargeted metabolomics in WAT of diabetic GK rats was performed. Differential metabolites were selected according to the coefficient of variation (CV) of quality control (QC) sample <30%, variable importance in the projection (VIP) >1 and P < 0.05. Then, the hierarchical clustering of differential metabolites was conducted and the KEGG database was used for metabolic pathway analysis. A total of 50 (in positive ion mode) and 68 (in negative ion mode) metabolites were identified as differential metabolites in WAT of diabetic GK rats between IT group and Sham-IT group, respectively. These differential metabolites were well clustered, which in descending order of the number of involved differential metabolites is ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, AMPK signalling pathway, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, ferroptosis, vitamin digestion and absorption, glycerophospholipid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism and bile secretion, and correlated with the parameters of body weight, food intake, WAT mass and glucose metabolism, which were significantly improved after IT surgery. The differential metabolites in WAT of diabetic GK rats were mainly related to the pathway of energy metabolism, and correlated with the improved phenotypes of diabetic GK rats after IT surgery.

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Fecal metagenomics and metabolomics reveal gut microbial changes after bariatric surgery

Cited by 20 publications

References 45 publications

Long-Term Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota Composition and Faecal Metabolome Related to Obesity Remission

Long-Term Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota Composition and Faecal Metabolome Related to Obesity Remission

The Gut/Lung Microbiome Axis in Obesity, Asthma, and Bariatric Surgery: A Literature Review

The characterization of metabolites alterations in white adipose tissue of diabetic GK Rats after ileal transposition surgery by an untargeted metabolomics approach

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