Fauna associated with detached kelp in different types of subtidal habitats of the White Sea

Tzetlin, Alexander B.; Mokievsky, Vadim; Melnikov, A. N.; Saphonov, M. V.; Simdyanov, Timur G.; Иванов, И. Э.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-1907-0_10

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In larger and more persistent deposits, hypoxic conditions can develop in the bottom layers of detrital mats. In some cases this leads to widespread anoxia and decreased microbial and faunal abundances within the deposit and underlying sediments (Scheibling & Raymond 1990, Tzetlin et al 1997, Mokievsky et al 2005. Local hypoxia also can occur in sediments beneath small deposits with relatively short residence times (Thrush 1986, Vetter 1996, Vetter & Dayton 1998, Okey 2003, Bernardino et al 2010.…”

Section: Soft-sediment Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More diverse faunal assemblages may accumulate in the vicinity of detritus, where the adverse effects of organic enrichment are less severe (Thrush 1986). In large, persistent deposits, a greater diversity of fauna can occur on the surface and edges of mats, where detrital material is freshly deposited and turns over more rapidly than material in lower layers (Tzetlin et al 1997).…”

Section: Soft-sediment Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production and fate of kelp detritus

Krumhansl

Scheibling²

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

358

341

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The flow of detritus between habitats is an important form of connectivity that affects regional productivity and the spatial organization of marine ecosystems. Kelps form highly productive beds or forests that produce detritus through incremental blade erosion, fragmentation of blades, and dislodgement of whole fronds and thalli. Rates of detrital production range from 8 to 2657 g C m −2 yr −1 for blade erosion and fragmentation, and from 22 to 839 g C m −2 yr −1 for loss of fronds and thalli. The estimated global average rate of detrital production by kelps is 706 g C m , accounting for 82% of annual kelp productivity. Detrital production rates are regulated by current and wave-driven hydrodynamic forces and are highest during severe storms and following blade weakening through damage by grazers and encrusting epibionts. Detritus settles within kelp beds or forests and is exported to neighboring or distant habitats, including sandy beaches, rocky intertidal shores, rocky and sedimentary subtidal areas, and the deep sea. Exported kelp detritus can provide a significant resource subsidy and enhance secondary production in these communities ranging from tens of meters to hundreds of kilometers from the source of production. Loss of kelp biomass is occurring worldwide through the combined effects of climate change, pollution, fishing, and harvesting of kelp, which can depress rates of detrital production and subsidy to adjacent communities, with large-scale consequences for productivity.KEY WORDS: Kelp bed · Kelp forest · Connectivity · Detritus · Resource subsidy · Local-regional productivity Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Section: Soft-sediment Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soft-sediment Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and fate of kelp detritus

Krumhansl

Scheibling²

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

358

341

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“…The stable long-term accumulation of detached kelp is situated at the distance 50-100 m from the coastline and at a depth of 15-18 m (Tzetlin et al 1997;Mokievsky et al 2005). The accumulation is literally a bar up to 2 m high, 100 m long and 25 m wide.…”

Section: Locality and Biotopementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second habitat is a huge accumulation of detached kelp at a depth 15-18 m in the White Sea, North Russia (Tzetlin et al 1997;Mokievsky et al 2005). Subsurface layer of the accumulation is infested with nematodes belonging to the Halomonhystera disjuncta complex, which are distinguishable by greater body size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of two free-living nematode species of Halomonhystera disjuncta complex (Nematoda: Monhysterida) from two peculiar habitats in the sea

2014

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Morphological descriptions of two Halomonhystera species (Nematoda, Monhysterida) are presented (Halomonhystera hermesi and Halomonhystera socialis). Halomonhystera hermesi sp. n. occurs in a dense monospecific and homogeneous population on bacterial mats in the Håkon Mosby mud volcano in the Barents Sea at a depth of 1,280 m. The species is an endemic lineage distinctly separated from other shallow-water cryptotaxa of the Halomonhystera disjucta species complex on the base of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I (genetic divergence 19.6-23.8 %) and nuclear genetic markers, and on the base of morphometrics by Van Campenhout et al.

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“…Sea urchins can locate, trap, and rapidly consume algal detritus as it is transported or deposited in deeper waters (Vetter & Dayton 1999, Britton-Simmons et al 2009). Where sea urchins are absent, however, deposits of detrital kelp may accumulate and remain on the order of months to years (Tzetlin et al 1997, Vetter & Dayton 1998, FilbeeDexter & Scheibling 2012, degrading slowly and being consumed by other macrofauna.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrital subsidy from subtidal kelp beds is altered by the invasive green alga Codium fragile ssp. fragile

Krumhansl¹,

Scheibling²

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Invasive species have the potential to alter the dynamics of detrital subsidy from high to low productivity areas through changes in quantity and nutritional quality of detrital material. We examined the effect of the invasive alga Codium fragile ssp. fragile on the nature of detrital export from subtidal algal beds off Nova Scotia, Canada, by comparing changes in mass, nutritional quality (%C, %N, C/N ratio), concentration of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP, a secondary metabolite that deters grazers), and isotopic composition (δ C. We also compared macrofaunal communities associated with degrading thalli of each algal species and found significantly higher abundances of invertebrates (mainly capitellid polychaetes) on S. latissima after 8 wk of degradation, resulting in lower evenness (J') and diversity (H ') on S. latissima compared to C. fragile. Macrofaunal community composition became similar between algal species at 12 and 16 wk in concordance with decreases in C/N ratio in S. latissima and DMSP concentration in C. fragile. Our results indicate that differences in biochemical composition and the rate of degradation between C. fragile and native kelps result in community-level effects in areas linked to shallow algal beds via the transfer of detritus.

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Fauna associated with detached kelp in different types of subtidal habitats of the White Sea

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Production and fate of kelp detritus

Production and fate of kelp detritus

Description of two free-living nematode species of Halomonhystera disjuncta complex (Nematoda: Monhysterida) from two peculiar habitats in the sea

Detrital subsidy from subtidal kelp beds is altered by the invasive green alga Codium fragile ssp. fragile

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