Fatty acid composition, vitamin A content and oxidative stability of milk in China

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of geographical region and lactation stage on the fatty acid composition, vitamin A content and oxidative stability of milk from Holstein cows and to determine the relationship between milk fat components and milk stability.

Chemical Analysis Combined with Multivariate Statistical Methods to Determine the Geographical Origin of Milk from Four Regions in China

“…Milk samples were divided into three parts. One was processed according to the methods reported and used for the determination of fatty acids [ 18 ]. Two were freeze-dried for 24 h and then pulverized.…”

“…Milk samples from two dairy farms in Hebei were fingerprinted with isotope content, which is due to the geographical specificity of the isotopes in the local plants and water. The value of δ 13 C in plants are affected by factors such as the type of plants, light, atmospheric CO2 concentration, temperature, air pollution and soil moisture, salinity and nutritional status, showing geographical differentiation; the value of δ 15 N in plants are influenced by parent material, soil types, topography, land use patterns and fertilization, showing geographical differentiation; the value of δ 2 H and δ 18 O of plants are related to the latitude, altitude and distance from the sea, showing geographical differentiation; the value of δ 2 H and δ 18 O of water content is affected by climate, season and precipitation, showing geographical differentiation [41][42][43]. Geographical differences in isotopes in plants and water are transferred to animals with breeding, distinguishing milk samples of different origin by determining the isotopes.…”

“…At present, many studies on the geographical origin of milk have been carried out by isotope, mineral element and fatty acid techniques. Stable isotopes are commonly used to characterize geographical origin information and to describe agricultural products' origin information [1], where δ 2 H and δ 18 O can be used to distinguish altitude, δ 15 N can be used to determine the type of grazing vegetation and δ 13 C can determine the type of 2 of 13 animal feed. Thus, the stable isotope ratios can be used to distinguish milk [2][3][4] and dairy products [5][6][7] of different areas.…”

“…Similar conclusions have been drawn in the study of fatty acids in milk from lowlands, mountains and highlands in Switzerland [ 17 ]. Moreover, a study of nutrients in milk from four provinces in China reported that the fatty acid contents were influenced by the geographical location [ 18 ].…”

Amino acid and mineral composition of milk from local Ukrainian cows and their crossbreedings with Brown Swiss and Montbeliarde breeds

“…Likewise, the qualitative composition of milk is due to genetic factors (species, breed, line) and at the same time depends on paratype factors: age, lactation stage, type of feeding, season, and climatic conditions (Li et al, 2007;Appuhamy et al, 2011;Ghassemi et al, 2017). Along with the main qualitative parameters of milk such as fat, protein, lactose and dry matter, its fatty acid, amino acid and mineral composition, as well as pro-and antioxidant properties are equally important (Wu and Knabe, 1994;Bates and Prentice, 1996;Fuente et al,1997;Liang et al, 2018)). Knowledge of these indicators is a key factor for determining of the suitability of milk for processing into certain types of products (ZureraCosano et al, 1994;Bos et al, 2003;Stojanovska et al, 2018).…”