Fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissue of indigenous Polish geese breeds

Abstract

The aim of the study was to compare the fatty acid profile in lipids of breast and leg muscles as well as in adipose tissue of 24-week-old Rypińska (n=20) and Garbonosa (n=20) geese from unique indigenous conservation flocks, maintained using the in situ method at the Research Station of Waterfowl Genetic Resources in Dworzyska, belonging to the National Research Institute of Animal Production in Krakow, Poland. The geese from both flocks were fed ad libitum by the same complete feed: until the 6th week of age which contained: 19.0 % crude protein, 4.0 % crude fat, 3.5 % fibre and up to 12.0 MJ metabolisable energy, and laterfrom the 7th to the 24th week of age up to 17.0 % crude protein, 3.0 % crude fat, 5.0 % crude fibre and 11.3 MJ metabolisable energy per 1.0 kg of feed.On the basis of carried experiment it was stated, that the lipids of breast muscles of Garbonosa geese contained less saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (without C 14:0) and more the C 20:4 n-6 (6.96 % vs. 6.36 %), C 20:5 n-3 -eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (1.16 % vs. 1.10 %), C 22:4 n-6 (0.69 % vs. 0.64 %) and C 22:6 n-3 -docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (0.44 % vs. 0.38 %) than in Rypińska, whereas in lipids of leg muscles of Rypińska there was a higher level of C 14:0 (0.53 % vs. 0.50 %), C 18:1 cis-9 (37.64 % vs. 37.33 %), C 18:2 n-6 (16.26 % vs. 15.97 %) and α C 18:3 n-3 (0.83 % vs. 0.80 %) and lower of C 20:4 n-6 (7.63 % vs. 7.79 %) as well as C 20:5 n-3 -EPA (1.49 % vs 1.51 %) compared to the Garbonosa geese flock. The higher concentration of C 14:0, C 16:0, C 16:1 trans-9, α C 18:3 n-3, and lower concentration (P≤0.01) of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in both flocks was found out in lipids of breast than leg muscles. The adipose tissue of Rypińska was characterised by higher (P≤0.01) content of C 14:0 (by 0.12 %), C 16:0 (by 1.75 %), C 16:1 cis-9 (by 0.78 %) and lower (P≤0.01) content of C 18:1 cis -9 (by 2.8 %), C 18:2 n-6 (by 1.48 %) and C 20:4 n-6 (by 0.19 %) compared to Garbonosa geese.

The body fat distribution and fatty acid composition of muscles and adipose tissues in geese

“…For PUFAs, C18:2 n-6 and C20:4 n-6 were the most abundant individual PUFAs in geese muscles. This was in agreement with previous studies on native Polish geese (Rypińska, Garbonosa, Kartuska, and Lubelska geese; Okruszek, 2012 ; Haraf et al., 2014 ), native Turkish geese ( Kalayci and Yilmaz, 2014 ), Egyptian geese ( Geldenhuys et al., 2013 ), Dongbei White geese ( Liu and Zhou, 2013 ), and Sichuan geese ( Sun et al., 2016 ).…”

“…An increase in age is usually accompanied by the accumulation of body fat ( He et al., 2018 ). A high content of fat in meat and adipose tissue in the carcass may have a negative impact on the health of humans ( Okruszek, 2012 ). When focusing on the fat content of products, it is more important to consider the overall fatty acid composition rather than studying the fat content of meat alone ( Mcafee et al., 2010 ).…”

“…Geese fat is generally considered to be relatively safe in terms of consumer health due to its high content of oleic ( C18:1 n-9 ), linoleic ( C18:2 n-6 ), linolenic ( C18:3 n-3 ), and arachidonic acids ( C20:4 n-6 ) ( Okruszek, 2012 ). A previous study between young and old ostriches showed that age can affect the fatty acid profile in muscle ( Hoffman and Fisher, 2001 ).…”

Carcass and Meat Quality Traits in an Embden×Toulouse Goose Cross Raised in Organic <i>Dehesa</i>

“…The results show significant differences between the three genetic groups from the viewpoint of breast muscle FAs. The high percentage of unsaturated oleic acid observed is worthy of note (between 43% and 45%), higher than that observed in other species raised in extensive conditions (32% to 36%, Mamani-Linares and Gallo, 2013 ; Turner et al, 2015 ) or in commercial hatcheries (25% to 40%, Okruszek, 2012 ; Kwon et al, 2014 ). However, high values of saturated palmitic acid (21% to 25%) were also observed, although values were similar or lower than those ones found in other goose breeds (24% to 32%, Okruszek, 2012 ; Liu and Zhou, 2013 ; Chen et al, 2014 ).…”

Wpływ żywienia i genotypu gęsi na cechy dysekcyjne tuszki i jakość mięsa – przegląd badań naukowych

“…Podsumowując badania profilu kwasów tłuszczowych lipidów mięśni gęsi Rypińskich i Garbonosych w wieku 17 i 24 tygodni, można stwierdzić, że stosunek sumy nienasyconych do nasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych (Σ UFA/Σ SFA) był bardziej korzystny w lipidach mięśni piersiowych gęsi Garbonosych niż Rypińskich. Lipidy mięśni gęsi Garbonosych charakteryzowały się większym udziałem nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych z rodzin n-6 i n-3 (z wyjątkiem mięśni nóg), przy czym stosunek sumy kwasów n-6/n-3 w obydwu stadach gęsi zawierał się w przedziale 8,59-9,08 i był wyższy od wartości rekomendowanych [Okruszek 2011[Okruszek , 2012b.…”