Fatal Chlorine Poisoning: Report of Two Cases with Clinicopathologic Correlation

Adelson, Lester; Kaufman, Jason

doi:10.1093/ajcp/56.4.430

Cited by 65 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Despite the high prevalence of potential exposure to chlorine, little is known about its long-term health effects in humans. Acute exposure to chlorine produces short-term lung tissue damage (Charan et al, 1985;Adelson et al, 1971). Follow-up of subjects acutely exposed to chlorine in transportation and industrial accidents has produced conflicting results concerning the effects of this chemical on respiratory function (Kaufman and Burkons, 1971;Kowitz et al, 1967;Weill et al, 1969;Barret and Faure, 1984;Chasis et al, 1947;Jones et al, 1986;Schwartz et al, 1990;Salisbury et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case‐control study of lung cancer at a dye and resin manufacturing plant

Barbone

Delzell

Austin

et al. 1992

American J Industrial Med

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This case-control study evaluated the relationship between lung cancer and occupational factors among employees at a dye and resin manufacturing plant. The study included 51 lung cancer cases and 102 controls who were members of a cohort of workers investigated in a previous retrospective follow-up study. Information on area of employment and on potential exposure to certain chemicals was obtained from plant personnel and medical records and from interviews with long-term employees. Information on potential confounders, including cigarette smoking, was obtained by interviewing study subjects or their next-of-kin. The odds ratio (OR) for heavy smokers compared with light or nonsmokers was 5.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.4-15). An elevated OR for lung cancer was observed for subjects who worked in the anthraquinone dye and epichlorohydrin manufacturing area of the plant (OR = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.1-5.2) and for employees who were seen at the plant infirmary for acute exposure to chlorine (OR, adjusted for smoking = 27; 95% CI = 3.5-205). Pipefitters employed at the plant for five or more years also had an elevated OR (3.3; 95% CI = 0.8-14).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case‐control study of lung cancer at a dye and resin manufacturing plant

Barbone

Delzell

Austin

et al. 1992

American J Industrial Med

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“…Clinical symptoms of chlorine intoxication include dyspnea, airway obstruction, cough, pulmonary edema, pneumonitis, cyanosis, nausea, vomiting, and loss of consciousness (1)(2)(3). Lung injury induced by chlorine inhalation has been investigated using animal models in multiple species, including pigs, rats, rabbits, mice, and dogs (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Chlorine-induced Lung Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Chlorine Lung Injury by Increasing Cyclic AMP Levels

Hoyle

2010

Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society

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“…typically due to pulmonary edema with respiratory failure and circulatory collapse (Andelson & Kaufman, 1971;Gunnarsson et al, 1998;Underhill, 1920). However, these findings were observed in early periods of acute exposure.…”

Section: Fig 2 Histopathologic Appearance (Interstitial Fibrosis) Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Pulmonary Histopathologic Changes in Rats Following Acute Experimental Exposure to Chlorine Gas

Yıldırım

Koçoğlu

Göksu

et al. 2004

Inhalation Toxicology

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In this study, we aimed to investigate the long-term histopathologic changes in the lungs of rats exposed to a high concentration of chlorine gas. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: the control group (group I) (n = 8), early-examined group (group II) (n = 8), and late-examined group (group III) (n = 8). In group II the lungs of rats were taken out just after the exposure, whereas in group III the lungs were taken out 45 days after the exposure. Eosinophilic liquid accumulation in alveoli and bronchi, diffuse intraalveolar edema, vascular congestion, severe perivascular edema, and free bleeding in intraalveolar and interstitial area were observed in the lungs of rats in group II. Interstitial fibrosis and thickening of the alveolar septa were observed in group III. These findings suggest that the people using these cleaning agents are at risk of harming themselves, and the victims of chlorine gas injury should be reexamined at a later period since they may have pulmonary damage even after 45 days of exposure.

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Fatal Chlorine Poisoning: Report of Two Cases with Clinicopathologic Correlation

Cited by 65 publications

References 0 publications

A case‐control study of lung cancer at a dye and resin manufacturing plant

A case‐control study of lung cancer at a dye and resin manufacturing plant

Mitigation of Chlorine Lung Injury by Increasing Cyclic AMP Levels

Long-Term Pulmonary Histopathologic Changes in Rats Following Acute Experimental Exposure to Chlorine Gas

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