Fat Utilization During High-Intensity Exercise: When Does It End?

Perić, Ratko; Meucci, Marco; Николовски, Зоран

doi:10.1186/s40798-016-0060-1

Cited by 10 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Existence of high correlation between FAT min and AnT found in our study ( r = 0.99, p < 0. 01) is in line with previous studies performed on athletes and sedentary subjects where short test stages and VT were used [7,8,15]. It is believed that an increased lactate production in specific muscles and intra-muscles hypoxic conditions at intensities at/above AnT impedes lipolysis directly contributing to this phenomenon [24,28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Nevertheless, direct comparisons with previous studies are difficult due the differences in testing methodology and subjects’ characteristics [9,20]. In our study, FAT min was found to be at 53.40 % of VO 2max (range 49.40 to 62.52), which is lower than previous studies performed on athletic and sedentary men [3,7,8]. However, sedentary and adipose subjects cease to oxidize fat at lower exercise intensities due to weak aerobic and cardiorespiratory fitness [3,21].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…Aerobic exercise at the intensity eliciting a maximal rate of fat oxidation (FAT max ) revealed best results in treatment and prevention of obesity-associated conditions by means of increase in maximal fat oxidation rates (MFO) and insulin sensitivity, demonstrating a significant role in the treatment of obesity-associated conditions [2,3]. As a follow-up, several studies demonstrated how the lowest beneficial effect was observed when aerobic exercise was performed at intensity matching negligible fat oxidation rate (FAT min ), contributing to diminished protection of exercise therapy [6–8]. Therefore, choosing appropriate exercise intensity may play a decisive role in decreasing risk factors accompanying obesity-associated conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With intention of improving the effectiveness on exercise prescription, studies examined the connection between the metabolic thresholds and fat oxidation in various subjects [7,8,13]. However, only low to modest correlations between FAT max and AeT have been reported in men with obesity during a cycle ergometry with no available data regarding treadmill testing [9,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can Metabolic Thresholds be used as Exercise Intensity Markers in Adult men with Obesity?

Ratko¹,

Zoran

2018

Preprint

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Markers in Adult men with Obesity?3 1 test were used to evaluate differences between VO 2 at AeT and at FAT max and VO 2 at AnT and at 3 2 FAT min , respectively. FAT max and AeT occurred at 42.80 ± 2.68 % of VO 2max and 43.02 ± 2.73 % 3 3 of VO 2max , while FAT min and AnT occurred at 53.40 ± 3.65 % of VO 2max and 53.38 ± 3.65 % of 3 4 VO 2max , respectively. A high correlations were found between VO 2 at FAT max and at AeT (r = 3 5 0.86, p < 0.01) and VO 2 at FAT min and at AnT (r = 0.99, p < 0.01). The existing correlations 3 6suggest that metabolic thresholds may be used as exercise intensity markers in men with obesity. 3 7 3 8

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Can Metabolic Thresholds be used as Exercise Intensity Markers in Adult men with Obesity?

Ratko¹,

Zoran

2018

Preprint

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“…Lactate accumulation during exercise is acutely related to a decrease in fat oxidation ( Achten & Jeukendrup, 2004 ; Bircher & Knechtle, 2004 ; González-Haro et al, 2007 ). Besides, Peric et al (2016) have suggested a high correlation between anaerobic threshold and minimum fat oxidation. In this study, the lactate levels of all participants may be explained with this relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-examination of the contribution of substrates to energy expenditure during high-intensity intermittent exercise in endurance athletes

Aslankeser

Balcı

2017

PeerJ

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BackgroundIt has been believed that the contribution of fat oxidation to total energy expenditure is becoming negligible at higher exercise intensities (about 85% VO2max). The aim of the present study was to examine the changes in substrate oxidation during high-intensity interval exercise in young adult men.MethodsA total of 18 healthy well-trained (aged 19.60 ± 0.54 years, BMI = 22.19 ± 0.64 kg/m2, n = 10) and untrained (aged 20.25 ± 0.41 years, BMI = 22.78 ± 0.38 kg/m2, n = 8) young men volunteered to participate in this study. After an overnight fast, subjects were tested on a cycle ergometer and completed six 4-min bouts of cycling (at ∼80% VO2max) with 2 min of rests between intervals. Energy expenditure and the substrate oxidation rate were measured during the experiment by using indirect calorimetry. The blood lactate concentration was collected immediately after each interval workout.ResultsThe fat oxidation rate during each workout was significantly different between the untrained and the athlete groups (p < 0.05), and the carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation rate during the experiment was similar between groups (p > 0.05). Moreover, lactate concentration significantly increased in the untrained group (p < 0.05), whereas it did not significantly change in the athlete group during the workouts (p > 0.05). Fat contribution to energy expenditure was significantly higher in the athlete group (∼25%) than in the untrained group (∼2%).ConclusionsThe present study indicates that 17 times more fat oxidation was measured in the athlete group compared to the untrained group. However, the athletes had the same CHO oxidation rate as the recreationally active subjects during high-intensity intermittent exercise. Higher fat oxidation rate despite the same CHO oxidation rate may be related to higher performance in the trained group.

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Limit to steady-state aerobic power of skeletal muscles

Paglietti

2018

J Biol Phys

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Like any other kind of cell, muscle cells produce energy by oxidizing the fuel substrate that they absorb together with the needed oxygen from the surroundings. Oxidation occurs entirely within the cell. It means that the reactants and products of reaction must at some time be dissolved in the cell's cytosol. If a cell operates at steady state, its cytosol composition remains constant. Therefore, the cytosol in a muscle that produces work at steady state must contain a constant amount of fuel, oxygen, and product of reaction dissolved in it. The greater the power produced, the higher the concentration of these solutes. There is a limit, however, to the maximum amount of solutes that the cytosol can contain without damaging the cell. General thermodynamic arguments, which are reviewed in this paper, help relate this limit to the dehydration and overhydration limits of the cell. The present analysis shows that the same limits entail a limit to the maximum power that a muscle can produce at steady state. This limit depends on the composition of the fuel mixture used by the muscle. The analysis also determines the number of fuel carbon atoms that must be oxidized in parallel within a cell to produce a given power. It may well happen that a muscle cannot reach the maximum attainable power because it cannot activate all the parallel oxidation paths that are needed to produce it. This may be due to a series of reasons ranging from health issues to a lack of training. The paper shows how the methods of indirect calorimetry can provide all the experimental data needed to determine the actual number of parallel oxidation paths that at steady state must be active in a muscle in a given exercise. A diagram relating muscle power to the number of parallel oxidation paths and fuel composition is finally presented. It provides a means to assess the power capacity of animal muscles and can be applied to evaluate their fitness, stamina, margins for improvement, and athletic potential.

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Fat Utilization During High-Intensity Exercise: When Does It End?

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Can Metabolic Thresholds be used as Exercise Intensity Markers in Adult men with Obesity?

Can Metabolic Thresholds be used as Exercise Intensity Markers in Adult men with Obesity?

Re-examination of the contribution of substrates to energy expenditure during high-intensity intermittent exercise in endurance athletes

Limit to steady-state aerobic power of skeletal muscles

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