Fat body remodeling and homeostasis control in Drosophila

Zheng, Huimei; Yang, Xiaohang; Xi, Yongmei

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2016.10.019

Cited by 71 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…The hostinduced virulence memory response could be reproduced in bacteria that were passaged in medium supplemented with excess linolenic acid, a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid. The G. mellonella larvae hemolymph is characterized by a high proportion of triglycerides, diacylglycerols, trehalose, and glycogen, which are released from the fat body [40][41][42], as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids, the majority of which are linolenic acids [27]. Our results thus indicate that the memory response of P. aeruginosa could be induced by exposure to a host-characteristic fatty acid composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Establishment of an induced memory response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa during infection of a eukaryotic host

et al. 2019

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In a given habitat, bacterial cells often experience recurrent exposures to the same environmental stimulus. The ability to memorize the past event and to adjust current behaviors can lead to efficient adaptation to the recurring stimulus. Here we demonstrate that the versatile bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa adopts a virulence phenotype after serial passage in the invertebrate model host Galleria mellonella. The virulence phenotype was not linked to the acquisition of genetic variations and was sustained for several generations, despite cultivation of the ex vivo virulence-adapted P. aeruginosa cells under rich medium conditions in vitro. Transcriptional reprogramming seemed to be induced by a host-specific food source, as reprogramming was also observed upon cultivation of P. aeruginosa in rich medium supplemented with polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids. The establishment of induced memory responses adds a time dimension and seems to fill the gap between long-term evolutionary genotypic adaptation and short-term induced individual responses. Efforts to unravel the fundamental mechanisms that underlie the carry-over effect to induce such memory responses will continue to be of importance as hysteretic behavior can serve survival of bacterial populations in changing and challenging habitats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Establishment of an induced memory response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa during infection of a eukaryotic host

et al. 2019

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“…Energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism are altered upon reduction of systemic IIS (DiAngelo and Birnbaum, 2009;Grönke et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2009). In Drosophila, like in other animals, IIS promotes energy storage and lipid synthesis (Wilcox, 2005;DiAngelo and Birnbaum, 2009;Zheng et al, 2016). Hallmarks of reduced IIS include not only reduced energy stores and smaller cells and body size, but also nuclear localization of FoxO and increased expression of the FoxO target genes Thor (4E-BP) and InR (Chen et al, 1996;Jünger et al, 2003).…”

Section: -Hydroxyecdysone Shade and Growth Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth control through regulation of insulin-signaling by nutrition-activated steroid hormone in Drosophila

et al. 2018

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Growth and maturation are coordinated processes in all animals. Integration of internal cues, such as signalling pathways, with external cues, such as nutritional status, is paramount for an orderly progression of development and growth. In Drosophila, this involves insulin and steroid signalling, but the underlying mechanisms and their coordination are incompletely understood. We show that bioactive 20-hydroxyecdysone production by the enzyme Shade in the fat body is a nutrient-dependent process. We demonstrate that under fed conditions, Shade plays a role in growth control. We identify the trachea and the insulin-producing cells in the brain as direct targets through which 20-hydroxyecdysone regulates insulin signalling. The identification of trachea-dependent regulation of insulin signalling exposes an important variable that may have been overlooked in other studies focusing on insulin signalling in Drosophila. Our findings provide a potentially conserved, novel mechanism by which nutrition can modulate steroid hormone bioactivation, reveal an important caveat of a commonly used transgenic tool to study insulin-producing cell function, and yield further insights into how steroid and insulin signalling are coordinated during development to regulate growth and developmental timing.

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“…Perturbing 20E signalling in the IPCs resulted in significantly reduced larval growth rates from late L2 throughout L3 and a strong delay in maturation onset (Figure 3 Energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism are altered upon reduction in systemic IIS (23,24,38). In Drosophila, like in other animals, IIS is thought to promote energy storage and lipid synthesis opposite lipolysis-promoting glucagon-like signals, such as Drosophila Adipokinetic Hormone (AKH) (38)(39)(40)(41). Hallmarks of reduced IIS include not only reduced energy stores and smaller cells and body size, but also nuclear localization of dFoxO and increased expression of dFoxO targets genes thor (4E-BP) and dInR (42,43).…”

Section: -Hydroxyecdysone Shade and Growth Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth control through regulation of insulin-signaling by nutrition-activated steroid hormone

Buhler

Clements

Winant

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abbreviations: Dilps: Drosophila insulin-like peptides IPCs: Insulin-producing cells IIS: Insulin/Insulin-like growth factor signalling PG: Prothoracic Gland 20E: 20-hydroxyecdysone L1-L3: First, Second, Third Larval Instar FB: Fat Body RNAi: RNA interference qPCR: quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction h AEL: hours after egg laying h AL3E: hours after third instar ecdysis 2 Abstract: Growth and maturation are coordinated processes in all animals. Integration of internal cues, such as signalling pathways, with external cues such as nutritional status is paramount for an orderly progression of development in function of growth. In Drosophila, this coordination involves insulin and steroid signalling, but the mechanisms by which this occurs and how they are coordinated are incompletely understood. We show that production of the bioactive 20-hydroxyecdysone by the enzyme Shade in the fat body is a nutrientdependent process. We demonstrate that during fed conditions, Shade plays a role in growth regulation, as knockdown of shade in the fat body resulted in growth defects and perturbed expression and release of the Drosophila insulin-like peptides from the insulinproducing cells (IPCs). We identify the trachea and IPCs as direct targets through which 20hydroxyecdysone regulates insulin-signaling. The identification of the trachea-dependent regulation of insulin-signaling exposes an important variable that may have been overlooked in other studies focusing on insulin-signaling in Drosophila. Finally, we show with IPCspecific manipulations that 20E may both be a growth-promoting and growth-inhibiting signal in the IPCs acting through different nuclear receptors. Our findings provide a potentially conserved, novel mechanism by which nutrition can modulate steroid hormone bioactivation, reveal an important caveat of a commonly used transgenic tool to study IPC function and yield further insights as to how steroid and insulin signalling are coordinated during development to regulate growth and developmental timing.3

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Fat body remodeling and homeostasis control in Drosophila

Cited by 71 publications

References 88 publications

Establishment of an induced memory response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa during infection of a eukaryotic host

Establishment of an induced memory response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa during infection of a eukaryotic host

Growth control through regulation of insulin-signaling by nutrition-activated steroid hormone in Drosophila

Growth control through regulation of insulin-signaling by nutrition-activated steroid hormone

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