Fast-updating and nonrepeating Lissajous image reconstruction method for capturing increased dynamic information

Hoy, Christopher L.; Durr, Nicholas J.; Ben‐Yakar, Adela

doi:10.1364/ao.50.002376

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Lissajous trajectory microscopy has been explored previously by several groups in slower imaging applications to achieve frame-rates on the order of a few Hz. Lissajous trajectory beam scanning TPEF microscopes were previously built with MEMS mirrors [16] or fiber scanners [17][18][19]. Lissajous trajectories have also been utilized in other applications such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) [20,21].…”

Section: Adjoining Binomial Photon Counting and Photon Averaging: Thementioning

confidence: 99%

High frame-rate multichannel beam-scanning microscopy based on Lissajous trajectories

Sullivan¹,

Muir²,

Newman³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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A simple beam-scanning optical design based on Lissajous trajectory imaging is described for achieving up to kHz frame-rate optical imaging on multiple simultaneous data acquisition channels. In brief, two fast-scan resonant mirrors direct the optical beam on a circuitous trajectory through the field of view, with the trajectory repeat-time given by the least common multiplier of the mirror periods. Dicing the raw time-domain data into sub-trajectories combined with model-based image reconstruction (MBIR) 3D in-painting algorithms allows for effective frame-rates much higher than the repeat time of the Lissajous trajectory. Since sub-trajectory and full-trajectory imaging are simply different methods of analyzing the same data, both high-frame rate images with relatively low resolution and low frame rate images with high resolution are simultaneously acquired. The optical hardware required to perform Lissajous imaging represents only a minor modification to established beam-scanning hardware, combined with additional control and data acquisition electronics. Preliminary studies based on laser transmittance imaging and polarization-dependent second harmonic generation microscopy support the viability of the approach both for detection of subtle changes in large signals and for trace-light detection of transient fluctuations.

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Section: Adjoining Binomial Photon Counting and Photon Averaging: Thementioning

confidence: 99%

High frame-rate multichannel beam-scanning microscopy based on Lissajous trajectories

Sullivan¹,

Muir²,

Newman³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In these methods, the two-dimensional pattern is generated by the synchronization of the two scans such that the pattern is repeated every frame, resulting in the same pixels being sampled repeatedly in time while the unsampled pixels are interpolated. This approach has been demonstrated for Stimulated Raman and Atomic Force Microscopy, both of which are scanning methods [9][10][11]. A major drawback of this method is that repetition of the Lissajous pattern leads to oversampling of the same regions, particularly at the edges of the frame where the sine wave samples more frequently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous focal translation enhances rate of point-scan volumetric microscopy

et al. 2019

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Two-Photon Laser-Scanning Microscopy is a powerful tool for exploring biological structure and function because of its ability to optically section through a sample with a tight focus. While it is possible to obtain 3D image stacks by moving a stage, this perframe imaging process is time consuming. Here, we present a method for an easy-toimplement and inexpensive modification of an existing two-photon microscope to rapidly image in 3D using an electrically tunable lens to create a tessellating scan pattern which repeats with the volume rate. Using appropriate interpolating algorithms, the volumetric imaging rate can be increased by a factor up to four-fold. This capability provides the expansion of the two-photon microscope into the third dimension for faster volumetric imaging capable of visualizing dynamics on timescales not achievable by traditional stagestack methods.

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“…The FF increases when the ratio of scanning frequencies becomes more complex rational number, but a pattern repeated rate becomes very low, thus Lissajous scans are often utilized for slow laser scanning applications far below the temporal sensitivity of human vision 30 – 33 . Alternatively, non-repeating Lissajous scanning, partially scanned over the entire FOV, can offer the frame-rate faster than the full repeating rate of a Lissajous curve 34 . However, the non-repeating Lissajous scanning exacerbates the critical trade-off between the fill factor and the frame rate 35 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency selection rule for high definition and high frame rate Lissajous scanning

Hwang

Seo

Ahn

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Lissajous microscanners are very attractive in compact laser scanning applications such as endomicroscopy or pro-projection display owing to high mechanical stability and low operating voltages. The scanning frequency serves as a critical factor for determining the scanning imaging quality. Here we report the selection rule of scanning frequencies that can realize high definition and high frame-rate (HDHF) full-repeated Lissajous scanning imaging. The fill factor (FF) monotonically increases with the total lobe number of a Lissajous curve, i.e., the sum of scanning frequencies divided by the great common divisor (GCD) of bi-axial scanning frequencies. The frames per second (FPS), called the pattern repeated rate or the frame rate, linearly increases with GCD. HDHF Lissajous scanning is achieved at the bi-axial scanning frequencies, where the GCD has the maximum value among various sets of the scanning frequencies satisfying the total lobe number for a target FF. Based on this selection rule, the experimental results clearly demonstrate that conventional Lissajous scanners substantially increase both FF and FPS by slightly modulating the scanning frequencies at near the resonance within the resonance bandwidth of a Lissajous scanner. This selection rule provides a new guideline for HDHF Lissajous scanning in compact laser scanning systems.

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Fast-updating and nonrepeating Lissajous image reconstruction method for capturing increased dynamic information

Cited by 40 publications

References 7 publications

High frame-rate multichannel beam-scanning microscopy based on Lissajous trajectories

High frame-rate multichannel beam-scanning microscopy based on Lissajous trajectories

Continuous focal translation enhances rate of point-scan volumetric microscopy

Frequency selection rule for high definition and high frame rate Lissajous scanning

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