Fast Frequency Response from MMC-HVDC with Varying Dead Band Implementation

Fradley, John; Preece, Robin; Barnes, Mike

doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.11.676

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The determination of the dead zone setting is explored by configuring both the frequency modulation dead zone of the BESS and the FM dead zone of the thermal power unit to a unified value [24]. The quantity of responses from the BESS and thermal power units to slight power system frequency fluctuations is diminished by adjusting the BESS's FM dead zone while conscientiously considering the service life of both the BESS and thermal units [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated control strategy of BESS in primary frequency modulation considering SOC recovery

Liu,

Chen,

Xie

et al. 2024

IET Renewable Power Gen

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This paper proposes a comprehensive control strategy for a battery energy storage system (BESS) participating in primary frequency modulation (FM) while considering the state of charge (SOC) recovery. On the one hand, when the frequency fluctuations are outside the dead zone of the FM, variable coefficient virtual sag control and variable coefficient virtual inertia control are coordinated for more accurate primary FM. Also, an assisted FM strategy is proposed, where the temporal alignment of assisted FM is determined by the regional segmentation of the frequency deviation and SOC, and it enables the BESS to recover SOC concurrently during its involvement in primary FM. On the other hand, when the frequency fluctuations are inside the dead zone of the FM, typical S‐type functions are deployed to dynamically establish the mutual constraints relationships of SOC recovery demand coefficient and frequency deviation. Subsequently, the recovery control coefficients are derived, and accordingly, a SOC recovery strategy is proposed. Finally, simulation results verify the efficacy of the proposed control strategy in the grid primary FM system and demonstrate that the strategy expedites the SOC recovery and concurrently diminishes the conventional unit output.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated control strategy of BESS in primary frequency modulation considering SOC recovery

Liu,

Chen,

Xie

et al. 2024

IET Renewable Power Gen

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“…OFET development requires the evaluation of the desired characteristic for the output signal, depending on the application. This, to make the most accurate decisions for organic semiconductor implementation and deposition methods, as one device may present both amplifying and attenuating characteristics (Al-Amin et al, 2014;Fradley et al, 2018;Gopiraj et al, 2008;Li et al,2014;Martins et al, 2018;Vijayan et al, 2018;Tanabe, 2002). For biosensing and radiofrequency applications the time response and gain are important to perform with high speed, high sensitivity, and great accuracy (Li et al,2014;Sarangadharan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important that the device remains operating within an acceptable range of time. This prevents the system from entering a not suitable state, and to determine the time response of the device (Fradley et al, 2018;Nakamura et al, 1992;Salvatore et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2020) that is important for several applications. All of this could give evidence that state of the art ClInPc flexible OFET devices with Al2O3 embedded nanoparticles in nylon 11, could be used toward current high-performance frequency-dependent flexible applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Frequency Dependent OFET Attenuator Using ClInPc with Al2O3 Embedded Nanoparticles in Nylon 11 for Flexible Electronics

Hamui,

Sánchez-Vergara,

Ferrer-Garcia

2023

JART

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The Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) have been largely investigated due to their low-cost manufacturing, flexibility, and lightweight, as well as their optical and electrical characteristics. That allow its application in sensors, amplifiers, attenuators signal filtering, and high-frequency response devices, like biosensing, wearable electronics, optoelectronics, telecommunications, and other potential applications. Throughout this investigation, a ClInPc flexible OFET with Al2O3 embedded particles in nylon 11, was manufactured and characterized to evaluate the optoelectronic and morphological properties. For the manufacturing, a high-vacuum thermal evaporation deposition technique was used, and UV-vis spectroscopy analysis and scanning electron microscopy were conducted to evaluate the optoelectronic and morphological properties. Also, a study regarding the electrical characteristics for different time-dependent wavefunction input signals, changing the input voltage and frequency, has been conducted. The latter was driven to determine the time-response characteristics, gains, phase shift and to determine whether the device function as an attenuator or an amplifier with the selected configuration. The device has been modelled to obtain the OFET operation parameters. A resulting capacitance of 567 pF was calculated. Uniform and continuous films where obtained, which guarantees an efficient charge transport. For all signals the output voltage is lower than that of the input voltage. Also, for the higher frequency the output voltage is decreased compared to lower frequencies. Gains decreasing variation of up to 0.05 indicate the operating application as an attenuator. Phase variation of up to 100 °, resulted while varying the input frequency. The model resulted on a gate capacitance value between 500 and 1180 pF, and gate-drain capacitance value between 50 and 500 pF. All of this could give evidence that state of the art ClInPc flexible OFET device with Al2O3 embedded nanoparticles in nylon 11 could be used toward current high-performance frequency-dependent flexible applications.

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