Familial Congenital Fourth Cranial Nerve Palsy

Possible association of congenital Brown syndrome with congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders

“…36,37 Families with congenital ptosis, 11 and familial congenital SOP have been described. 38,39 Familial Brown syndrome has been reported on several occasions. [40][41][42][43][44][45] Recently, a case of bilateral Brown syndrome in each of a pair of monozygotic twins was reported.…”

Possible association of congenital Brown syndrome with congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders

“…36,37 Families with congenital ptosis, 11 and familial congenital SOP have been described. 38,39 Familial Brown syndrome has been reported on several occasions. [40][41][42][43][44][45] Recently, a case of bilateral Brown syndrome in each of a pair of monozygotic twins was reported.…”

Horizontal Misalignment in Patients with Unilateral Superior Oblique Palsy

“…8 Congenital superior oblique palsy is usually sporadic, but inherited forms have been reported. 9,10 Due to its retrospective nature, this study has several inherent weaknesses. Although the patients were collected consecutively, the decision to combine surgical correction of both the horizontal and vertical components of their strabismus was not randomized.…”

The genetics of strabismus

“…[56][57][58] Familial cases of superior oblique muscle palsies have also been reported, usually with autosomal dominant inheritance. [59][60][61][62] Familial ocular motor palsies including third and sixth cranial nerve paralysis often in association with Bell's palsy (seventh cranial nerve) have also been infrequently reported. [63][64][65] CONCOMITANT STRABISMUS Concomitant strabismus is characterised by an angle of deviation (magnitude of ocular misalignment) which remains the same in all directions of gaze, whichever eye is fixing.…”

Possible association of congenital Brown syndrome with congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders

“…36,37 Families with congenital ptosis, 11 and familial congenital SOP have been described. 38,39 Familial Brown syndrome has been reported on several occasions. [40][41][42][43][44][45] Recently, a case of bilateral Brown syndrome in each of a pair of monozygotic twins was reported.…”

Horizontal Misalignment in Patients with Unilateral Superior Oblique Palsy

“…8 Congenital superior oblique palsy is usually sporadic, but inherited forms have been reported. 9,10 Due to its retrospective nature, this study has several inherent weaknesses. Although the patients were collected consecutively, the decision to combine surgical correction of both the horizontal and vertical components of their strabismus was not randomized.…”

The genetics of strabismus

“…[56][57][58] Familial cases of superior oblique muscle palsies have also been reported, usually with autosomal dominant inheritance. [59][60][61][62] Familial ocular motor palsies including third and sixth cranial nerve paralysis often in association with Bell's palsy (seventh cranial nerve) have also been infrequently reported. [63][64][65] CONCOMITANT STRABISMUS Concomitant strabismus is characterised by an angle of deviation (magnitude of ocular misalignment) which remains the same in all directions of gaze, whichever eye is fixing.…”

Possible association of congenital Brown syndrome with congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders

“…36,37 Families with congenital ptosis, 11 and familial congenital SOP have been described. 38,39 Familial Brown syndrome has been reported on several occasions. [40][41][42][43][44][45] Recently, a case of bilateral Brown syndrome in each of a pair of monozygotic twins was reported.…”

Horizontal Misalignment in Patients with Unilateral Superior Oblique Palsy

“…8 Congenital superior oblique palsy is usually sporadic, but inherited forms have been reported. 9,10 Due to its retrospective nature, this study has several inherent weaknesses. Although the patients were collected consecutively, the decision to combine surgical correction of both the horizontal and vertical components of their strabismus was not randomized.…”

The genetics of strabismus

“…[56][57][58] Familial cases of superior oblique muscle palsies have also been reported, usually with autosomal dominant inheritance. [59][60][61][62] Familial ocular motor palsies including third and sixth cranial nerve paralysis often in association with Bell's palsy (seventh cranial nerve) have also been infrequently reported. [63][64][65] CONCOMITANT STRABISMUS Concomitant strabismus is characterised by an angle of deviation (magnitude of ocular misalignment) which remains the same in all directions of gaze, whichever eye is fixing.…”