Familial Bipolar Disorder: Preliminary Results from the Otago Familial Bipolar Genetic Study

Edmonds, Liza; Mosley, Barbara J.; Admiraal, Anita; Olds, R.J.; Romans, Sarah; Silverstone, Trevor; Walsh, Annabel

doi:10.3109/00048679809073872

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Familial BD has been associated with elevated risk for PD (Edmonds et al, 1998; Johnson et al, 2000; MacKinnon et al, 2002; MacKinnon et al, 2003), SAD (DelBello and Geller, 2001), and phobias (Edmonds et al, 1998). PD is one of the most studied comorbid anxiety disorders in familial BD (MacKinnon et al, 2002; Wozniak et al, 2002; MacKinnon et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcortical volumetric correlates of anxiety in familial pediatric bipolar disorder: A preliminary investigation

Simeonova¹,

Jackson²,

Attalla³

et al. 2009

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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Anxiety is a common comorbid condition in pediatric bipolar disorder (BD). However, there is little known about the effects of comorbidity on brain morphometry in this population. The aim of the present study was to examine subcortical correlates of anxiety in familial pediatric BD. 120 children (mean age = 12 ± 3.3 years) with at least one parent diagnosed with BD were evaluated. Bipolar offspring with BD were compared to bipolar offspring without BD on a measure of overall lifetime anxiety. A sub-sample of 20 bipolar offspring with BD (mean age = 14.6 ± 2.8 years) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a 3-T scanner. Correlational analyses were conducted between hippocampal and amygdalar volumes, and anxiety scores. The results showed significantly higher anxiety in bipolar offspring with BD compared to bipolar offspring without BD. There was a significant negative association between total hippocampal volume and anxiety scores. No significant association was found between total amygdalar volume and anxiety scores. Clinically, these findings suggest that anxiety comorbidity needs to be properly assessed and treated in the management of pediatric BD. This is the first study to show a negative association between hippocampal volume and anxiety in this population. The overlap between anxiety and familial pediatric BD suggest that anxiety may be one important area of future research in parsing out the heterogeneous nature and complex etiology of early-onset BD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcortical volumetric correlates of anxiety in familial pediatric bipolar disorder: A preliminary investigation

Simeonova¹,

Jackson²,

Attalla³

et al. 2009

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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“…Three populationbased studies conducted in Italy and USA, reported lifetime prevalence rates of comorbid OCD in BD patients ranging between 11.1% and 21% (3,23,24). In hospital-based studies, the lifetime prevalence of comorbid OCD in BD patients ranged between 1.8% and 35.1% (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40) depending on the features of the BD study population included (schizoaffective disorder, bipolar type). When restricting the analysis to studies with sample size greater than 250, the OCD-BD prevalence range was narrower (3-13.6%) (24,26,27,31,38,39), and the mean prevalence rate of BD-I comorbidity was 15%, while BD-II was 12.6% (24,38,39).…”

Section: Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic validity of comorbid bipolar disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder: a systematic review

Amerio

Odone

Liapis

et al. 2014

Acta Psychiatr Scand

107

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Diagnostic validity of comorbid bipolar disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review Amerio A, Odone A, Liapis CC, Ghaemi SN. Diagnostic validity of comorbid bipolar disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review.Objective: At least 50% of bipolar disorder (BD) patients have an additional diagnosis, one of the most difficult to manage being obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Defining the nosology of BD-OCD comorbidity has important clinical implications, given that treatments for OCD can worsen BD outcomes. Method: A systematic review was conducted on: i) BD-OCD comorbidity lifetime prevalence and ii) on standard diagnostic validators: phenomenology, course of illness, heredity, biological markers, and treatment response. Relevant papers published through March 30th 2013 were identified searching the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library. Results: Sixty-four articles met inclusion criteria. Lifetime comorbidity prevalence was 11-21% in BD patients and 6-10% in OCD patients. Compared to non-comorbid subjects, BD-OCD has a more episodic course of OC symptoms (up to 75% vs. 3%), typically with worsening during depression (78%) and improvement during mania/hypomania (64%), as well as a higher total mean number of depressive episodes (8.9 AE 4.2 vs. 4.1 AE 2.7) and perhaps more antidepressant-induced mania/hypomania (39% vs. 9%). Conclusion: In this first systematic review of BD-OCD comorbidity, it appears that OC symptoms are usually secondary to BD, rather than representing a separate disease. • The evidence so far on BD-OCD nosology-mainly based on the course of illness-supports the view that the majority of cases of comorbid BD-OCD are in fact cases of BD. OC symptoms usually are secondary manifestations of depressive or manic mood episodes.• BD-OCD patients may respond for both groups of symptoms with adequate doses of mood stabilizers and atypical antipsychotics. Because of the risk of worsening BD via SRI-induced mania/hypomania, antidepressants should only be used in a minority of refractory OCD. Considerations• Course of illness is the only diagnostic validator that clearly supports the OCD-BD construct as a subtype of BD. Findings on the phenomenology, heredity, biological markers, and treatment were fragmented and heterogeneous and mainly suggested increased severity of illness or functioning without helping us to answer the nosological question.• The use of retrospective assessment scales with unclear sensitivity in discriminating true ego-dystonic obsessions from depressive ruminations may have biased results toward an overestimation of obsession's prevalence. In addition, small sample sizes, mainly from out-patients units, may have limited the generalizability of the results to a whole community.

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“…The FIGS is a semi-structured interview designed specifically for use in family genetic studies for the purpose of gathering information. The FIGS has been used in a number of prior studies (e.g., Edmonds et al, 1998). In the present study the FIGS was administered to probands (asking about their biological mother and father), to mothers (asking about the proband and the proband’s father), and to fathers (asking about the proband and the proband’s mother).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizotypal, schizoid and paranoid characteristics in the biological parents of social anhedonics

Cohen

Emmerson

Mann

et al. 2010

Psychiatry Research

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Mounting evidence suggests that social anhedonia may be a marker of genetic liability for schizophrenia-spectrum pathology. To examine this hypothesis, we conducted a study of severity of schizotypal, schizoid and paranoid pathology (i.e., Cluster A personality disorders) in the biological parents of individuals with high levels of social anhedonia and healthy controls. Eighty-six individuals with social anhedonia, 89 healthy controls and their biological parents were recruited from a large community. Structured clinical interviews were conducted to obtain Cluster A diagnoses and symptom ratings for parents. The biological parents of socially anhedonic probands had elevated rates of Cluster A disorders (24%) compared to the parents of control probands (12%). Post hoc analyses revealed that these group differences were the result of elevated rates of diagnoses in the fathers of social anhedonic probands, but not the mothers. This finding was replicated when Cluster A symptoms were examined dimensionally. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that social anhedonia is a promising indicator of the genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia-spectrum pathology. The unexpected findings of elevated pathology in fathers, but not mothers of socially anhedonic probands require further exploration.

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Familial Bipolar Disorder: Preliminary Results from the Otago Familial Bipolar Genetic Study

Cited by 33 publications

References 22 publications

Subcortical volumetric correlates of anxiety in familial pediatric bipolar disorder: A preliminary investigation

Subcortical volumetric correlates of anxiety in familial pediatric bipolar disorder: A preliminary investigation

Diagnostic validity of comorbid bipolar disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder: a systematic review

Schizotypal, schizoid and paranoid characteristics in the biological parents of social anhedonics

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